final Flashcards
A capnometer is a device that measures the presence and amount of ____ in a PT’s exhaled air
CO2
Emt is giving care to a 4 m/o infant. infant is in respiratory arrest, being ventilated with a BVM with an o2 resivoir. after filling the resivior the met knows the standard starting flow rate for O2 flow to the BVM is ___ lpm
15
what is the volume for an adult bvm
1000-1600CC
the _____ assembly permits the flow of air or O2 from the bag to the mask. it also prohibits the back flow of exhaled air into the bag via a one way device
one way valve
when ventilating a pt with a bvm, one must be careful not to over inflate the pt or ventilate too forcefully and cause
gastric distention
atmospheric air contains _______/O2
20-21
the mask of a bvm attaches to the valve by way of a _____ connection
15-22mm
the term “protect the airway” refers to what?
prevent foreign materials from trachea
_____refers to a condition, that if present, indicates that a certain procedure or action should be taken
indication
significant _____ _____ causes elevation of the diaphtagm and a reduction in lung volume
gastric distention
to facilitate combitube insertion, the patients head should be in a _____position
neutral
how much air do you insert into the esphogas cuff of the combitube?
(#2, white aka distal) 15ml
the pharyngeal cuff?
100ml (#1, blue)
failure or under inflation of the distal cuff could result in the passage of O2 into the esophagus resulting in______?
gastric distention
medical research has clearly shown that a cardiac arrest victim stands the best chance of survival if they are____ within mintues
defibrillation
“D + E” O2 cylinders are commonly referred to as ______ cylinders
portable
O2 cylinders are considered full @_____ to ____ psi
2000-2200
O2 cylinders are empty @_____ psi
200
what is the safe residual pressure?
lowest psi O2 cylinder should reach
short term use of O2 without humidification is acceptable if duration is less than__
one hour
Nasal cannula
1-6 l/min 24-44%
simple face mask
6-12 l/min 28-50%
partial rebreather
5-15 l/min 40-70%
nonrebreather
10-25 l/min 90-100%
factor for “E” cylinder?
.28
what safety device prevents the filling of an O2 cylinder w/ anything other than O2?
pin index system
“high flow” O2 is defined as___
nonrebreathing 15L
a pt’s perfusion is assessed by the evaluation of the following skin condition-portion of vital signs
color, temperature, and moisture
during the reassessment, an unstable pt should be reassessed every_ minutes. a stable pt should be reassessed every____minutes
5, 15
when applying ecg leads to a pt, the white lead should be placed____
right shoulder
the adult pt is a trauma alert I if that systolic is____
below 90
what type of burn will result in an adult trauma alert?
2nd and 3rd @ 15% + bsa
and adult pt is a trauma alert if radial pulses are____ and the sustained HR is greater than ____ bpm
absent, 120
an adult male has been struck in the head with a baseball hat
- eyes closed
- responds to pain
- doesnt know day or location
- knows his name and what happened
- can follow simple commands
gcs:12
is trauma alert based only on GCS? (34)
yes, 12 or less
fred woodlock was sawing a piece of lumber on his table saw, when his hand slipped and cut off 4 of his 5 fingers on his right hand. is Fred a trauma alert?
no
tipsy drew fell off the roof of his car while waxing the roof. during your detailed assessment you note obvious deformity to the right humerous and are crepes to the right thigh. is tipsy a trauma alert?
yes
in the rules of 9’s what area(s) of the adult body accounts for 9% tbsa?
one arm, head and neck
a penetrating wound( except superficial) to what body regions will result in a trauma alert?
head and torso
a young man was riding his motorcycle @ 55 mph when it struck a pick-up truck, the pt was ejected and thrown 100ft into the roadway. what trauma alert criteria has he met?
no trauma alert
a 55 yo pt was beaten with a bat no LOC, pls: bp 118/62, p125 and bounding, rr 24 and shallow, PERRL, skin w/d/n, gas 14 (e4, v4, bmr 6). upon examining the head you notice a flap avulsion. in order to qualify as a trauma alert, the avulsion must be____
more 5”
regarding the gcs what must the pt do or display to score 3 its in the motor category?
abnormal flexion
what 2 parameters need to be documented when assessing pulse and respirations?
rate and rhythm(character)
yellow or jaundice skin color is an indicator of
liver failure
as an emt____is your primary responsibility and ____you primary concern at an emt incident
personal safety, to do no harm
when documenting, a ____ is something that, given a particular illness/injury would be expected to be present but isnt
pertinent negative
“hard” or “rigid” cervical collars are technically classified as___
extrication collar
patients with acs and no respiratory distress should be placed an a n/c @ 4 l/min
true
spinal immobilization should be maintained until ___
a physician can examine them
when should the emt begin manual control of the c-spine?
when moi indicates it
the KED is used primarily in what setting?
stable pt
which KED straps are secured last?
chest(top)
3 qualities of a good pcr
neatness, completeness of info, accuracy
which device of choice for moving its through difficult situations, ie. narrow hallways or twisting stairways:
scoop stretcher or stair chair
the Route for the epinephrine auto injector is ____
IM(lateral mid-thigh)
adult dose of nitroglycerin is_____
0.4mg sl (every 5 min)
if direct pressure doesn’t control hemorrhage, the emt should_____
apply a tourniquet
a contradiction of oral glucose administration by the emt is
unconsciousness
what is considered an absolute contraindication for pasg use?
pulmonary edema
the 2 most commonly used pulse points for assessment of an extremity muscle skeletal injury are____and___
radial, dorsal ped’s pulse
when using the traction splint, after placing the ankle hitch, which strap is secured first?q
ischial strap
for rapid on scene stabilization of pelvic fractures, the preferred method is ___
pelvic sling
delivery of fetus occurs during the____stage of labor
explosion(2nd)
research has indicated that suffocation is the primary cause of death in sids
false
which of the following is NOT correct in handling of a sids emergency?
- look for evidence of child abuse
- determine if treatment and transport is warranted
- if at all possible, do not separate parent and child
- if any doubt as to the validity of patient, begin cpr
look for evidence of child abuse
an Apgar score of 4-7 indicates:
immediate rescusitation
a 22kg child has a command f x l humerus. he is normally mutated and has the following vitals” bp-80 systolic/p-120(reg)/resp-28,unlabored. no other noted injuries or complaints would he be considered a trauma alert?
yes
what type of burn injury will result in the pediatric patient being a trauma alert?
2nd-3rd @ 10%
a pediatric trauma pt is a trauma alert if their systolic bp is ____
50mmHg
should an emt encounter a suspected abuse and/or neglected child @ a scene,, what actions are required?
all of the above
which of the following is NOT the responsibility of the initial amving company to an MCI?
- scence size up
- identify a staging area
- 2* triage of “walking wounded”
- pass command
2* triage of “walking wounded”
according to OSHA, emt responders likely to witness or discover a hazardous material emergency should have what minimum level of training?
awarness
a US DOT publication that lists more than 1000 hazardous materials each with an hdentifcario number, cross-referenced to complete emergency instructions is ____
emergency response guidebook
a simple way to remember the types of WMD is to:
BNICE
triage the following:
compound f x l tib/fib; breathing 28/min; capillary refill normal, able to hold direct pressure on injury
yellow
triage the following:
painful lateral chest wall, R 24, delayed capillary refill, confused, non ambulatory
red
triage the following:
Fx right hand, r 18, radial pulse 88, A&O x4
green
traige the following:
bilateral femur frature, r22, radial 120, doesn’t obey commands
red
triage the following:
cardiac arrest
black
non-ambulatory, r 26, radial pulse 90, follows commands
yellow
a 71 yr old female slipped on a rug and fell. she is conscious and alert and complains of pelvic pain respirations 22/min(regular)-pulse110/min which of the following is NOT appropriate for this pt?
- full focused exam
- 100% supplemental O2
- treat her for possible shock
- rocking palpation of pelvis
rocking palpation of pelvis
don’t rock, push
a 6 year old male presents with acute respiratory distress. his mother states that she saw him put a small toy into his mouth shortly before the episode began. the child is conscious, obviously frightened, and is couching forcefully. you should:
encourage the child to keep coughing
a 13. year old child is on a home ventilator. the parents called because the ventilator is malfunctioning. you should:
bvm
you receive a call to local gymnasium for a basketball player with a dislocated shoulder. upon arrival, you find the patient, a 17 year old male, sitting on the ground. he anterior budge to the area of injury. you should:
check for distal pulse, motor, and sensory
to ensure that the airway of an infant or small child is correctly positioned, you may have to:
neural (towel under neck)
you are dispatched to a local elementary school for an injured child. as you approach the child, you note that he is lying at the base of the monkey bars. he is bot moving and does not appear to be conscious or breathing. you should :
c-spine and airway
during your treatment of a 4 year old male with a complete foreign body airway obstruction, he becomes unconscious. you place him supine on the ground and attempt ventilations: however, the Childs chest does not rise. you should:
reposition, ventilate
following proper decontamination, a 30 year old male is brought to you he is semiconscious and has labored shallow respirations. a quick visual assessment reveals no obvious bleeding. you should:
bag them
you are approaching an overturned tanker truck to assess the driver, who appears to be unconscious. as you get closer to the vehicle, you note the smell of noxious fumes and find that your are in the midst of a vapor cloud. what should you do?
immediately fucking run
your unit is the first to arrive at the scene of a larger tanker truck that has overturned. the patient is still inside the vehicle and is screaming in pain. you note that a green liquid is leaking from the Tank. you should:
remain at a safe distance and call hazmat
as the first arriving emergency responders at the scene of a suspected terrorist or WMD incident, you should request additional resources as needed and then:
establish command
as you r and your partner report for duty, you check your ambulance and begin talking about the possibly of a terrorist attack. the MOST effective and appropriate way tp determine the likelihood of this happening is to:
check dept. of homeland security threat level
you are dispatched to the scene of a building explosion. upon arrival, you see people frantically fleeing the building, screaming, “everyone is passing out!” you should:
careful assess scene and ensure personal safety
following a blunt injury to the head, a 22year old female is confused and complains of a severe headache and nausea, on the basic of these signs and symptoms, you should be MOST concerned with the possibility of:
intracranial bleeding
you have just delivered a premature baby. your assessment reveals that he is breathing adequately;however, his heart rate is 90 beats/min. you should:
bag them (1 breath every 2 seconds)
a 49 year old male with an extensive cardiac history presents with 2 hrs of crushing chest pain and shortness of breath. he is pale and disphoretic and tells you that he feels like he’s going to die, his medications include nitro, viagra, and vaster, his blood pressure is 140/90mm Hg and his heart rate is 110 beats/min. in addition to admisnter 100% oxygen, you should:
check for ed meds taken in past 24hrs
shortly after assisting a 65year old with her prescribed nitro, you not that she has become hypotensive and complained of dizziness. the patient remains conscious and her breathing is adequate. you should:
treat for shock
a 15 year old female was struck by a small car while riding her bicycle, she was wearing a helmet and was thrown to the ground, striking her head. in addition to managing problems associated with airway, breathing and circulation, it is MOST important for you to:
c-spine
Upon delivery of an infants head, you note that the umbilical cord is wrapped around its neck you should:
attempt to slip cord over the infants head
a 26 year old women complains of an acute stabbing pain in the left lower quadrant of her abdomen. she states that her last menstraul period was 7 weeks ago and that she had pelvic inflammatory disease approximenty 3 months ago. you should be most suspicious that this patient is experiencing:
epic pregnancy
