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Chapter 24-28 > Chapter 25 > Flashcards

Chapter 25 Flashcards

1
Q

the_______ side of the heart circulates blood from the body to the lungs

A

right

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2
Q

the______side of the heart circulates oxygen-rich blood from the lungs to the rest of the body

A

left

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3
Q

why is the right pump more muscular then the left

A

it must pump blood into the aorta and arteries in order to reach all cells of the body

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4
Q

as blood flows out of the heart, it passes into the____

A

aorta

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5
Q

the aorta is the largest____in the body

A

artery

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6
Q

the smaller blood vessels that connect the arteries and capillaries are____

A

arterioles

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7
Q

_______are small tubes, with the diameter of a single red blood cell, that pass among all the cells in the body, linking the arterioles and the_______

A

capillaries, venules

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8
Q

blood leaving the ____side of the capillaries flows into the venules

A

distal

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9
Q

small, thin-walled vessels empty into the ______, and the veins then empty into the ________ and __________ __ ___?

A

veins, inferior and superior venae cavae

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10
Q

the circulation of blood within an organ or tissue in adequate amounts to meet the cells current needs for oxygen, nutrients, and waste removal

A

perfusion

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11
Q

blood enters an organ or tissue first through?

A

arteries, then the arterioles, and finally the capillary bed

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12
Q

dark red and oozes from the wound slowly but steadily

A

capillary vessel

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13
Q

darker than arterial bleeding, and flows steadily

A

venous bleeding

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14
Q

bright red and spurts in time with pulse

A

arterial bleeding

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15
Q

what is DCAP-BTLS

A

Deformities, Contusions, Abrasions,Punctures,Burns, Tenderness,Lacerations,Swelling

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16
Q

Mass of blood in the soft tissue beneath the skin

A

Hematoma

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17
Q

Formation of a clot to plug an opening in an injured blood vessel, stopping blood flow

A

coagulation

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18
Q

upper chamber

A

atruim

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19
Q

a congenital condition in which a patient lacks one or more of the bloods normal clotting factors

A

hemophilia

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20
Q

works as two paired pumps

A

heart

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21
Q

largest artery in the body

A

aorta

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22
Q

a condition in which low blood volume results in inadequate perfusion

A

hypovolemic shock

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23
Q

oxygenated blood travels through this back to the heart

A

pulmonary vein

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24
Q

bruising

A

ecchymosis

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25
blood flow to the lungs
pulmonary artery
26
lower chamber
ventricle
27
bleeding
hemorrhage
28
nosebleed
epistaxis
29
the function of the blood is to______ all of the bodys cells and tissues
deliver nutrients
30
the cardiovascular system consists of all of the following EXCEPT:
a battery
31
blood leaves each chamber of a normal heart through a (n):
one-way valve
32
blood enters the right atrium from the:
vena cava
33
_______is inadequate tissue perfusion
shock
34
the brain and spinal cord usually cannot go for more than_____ minutes without perfusion, or the nerve cells will be permanently damaged
4 to 6
35
an organ or tissue that is considerably_____ is much better able to resist damage from hypoperfusion
colder
36
the body will not tolerate an acute blood loss of greater than____ of blood volume
20%
37
if the typical adult loses more than 1L of blood, significant changes in vital signs, such as______,will occur
increased respiratory rate
38
_____ shock is a condition in which low blood volume results in inadequate perfusion or even death
Hypovolemic
39
you should consider bleeding to be serious if all of the following conditions are present EXCEPT:
there is no MOI
40
Life-threatening external bleeding demands your immediate attention, even before the _____ has been managed
airway
41
the process of blood clotting and plugging the hole is called:
coagulation
42
blood enters the left atrium from the:
lungs
43
which of the following is NOT a factor in the formation of blood clots?
pumping function of the heart
44
the______is the thickest chamber of the heart
left ventricle
45
the_____links the arterioles and the venules
capillaries
46
_______are the key to formation of blood clots
platelets
47
blood contains all of the following EXCEPT:
cerebrospinal fluid
48
_____is the circulation of blood within an organ or tissue in adequate amounts to meet the cells' current needs for oxygen,nutrients, and waste removal
perfusion
49
the______only requires a minimal blood supply while at rest
muscles
50
what part of the human body helps the Cardiovascular system adapt to changes in order to maintain homeostasis?
autonomic nervous system
51
signs and symptoms of internal bleeding in both trauma and medical patients include:
hematemesis(vomiting blood)
52
the first sign of hypovolemic shock is a change in:
mental status
53
Venous blood tends to spurt and is difficult to control
False
54
the human body is tolerant of blood losses greater than 20% of blood volume
False
55
the first step in controlling external bleeding is applying pressure to the proximal artery
False
56
the first step in preparing to treat a bleeding patient is standard precautions
true
57
a properly applied tourniquet should be loosened by the EMT every 10 mins
false
58
a patient who has swallowed a lot of blood may become nauseas and vomit
true
59
you should contact medical control before applying tourniquet
false
60
if a wound continues to bleed after it is bandaged, you should remove the bandage and start over again
false
61
a tourniquet is always required for massive spurting blood loss
false
62
you should provide high-flow oxygen whenever you suspect internal bleeding
true
63
the_____side of the heart receives oxygen-poor from the veins
right
64
_____is the circulation of blood within an organ or tissue in adequate amounts to meet the cells' current needs for oxygen, nutrients, and waste removal
perfusion
65
a(n)_____is also called a contusion
bruise
66
_____bleeding is any bleeding in a cavity or space inside the body
internal
67
a systolic blood pressure of less than______mm Hg with a weak, rapid pulse suggests the presence of hypoperfusion in a patient who may have significant bleeding
100
68
_____is vommiting blood
hematemesis
69
_____blood is dark red and oozes from a wound steadily but slowly
capillary
70
the _____ ____ system monitors the bodys needs from moment to moment and adjusts blood flow by changing the vascular tone, as needed
autonomic nervous system
71
_____are small tubes that are about the same diameter as a single red blood cell
capilaries
72
all organs depend on the ______to provide a rich blood supply
heart
73
discoloration of the skin associated with a closed wound
ecchymosis
74
vomited blood
hematemesis
75
a bruise, or ecchymosis
contusion
76
a blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart
artery
77
the blood vessels that carry blood from the tissue to the heart
veins
78
a congential condition in which the patient lacks one or more of the bloods normal clotting factors
hemophilia
79
the main artery that receives blood from the left ventricle and delivers it to all of the other arteries that carry blood to the tissues of the body
aorta
80
a mass of blood in the soft tissues beneath the skin
hematoma
81
a condition in which the circulatory system fails to provide sufficient circulation so that every body party can perform its function
shock
82
____shock is a condition in which low blood volume results in inadequate perfusion
hypovolemic
83
the bleeding control method used when a wound continues to bleed despite the use of direct pressure and evelation
tourniquet
84
circulation of blood within an organ or tissue in adequate amounts to meet the current needs of the cells
perfusion
85
a nosebleed
epistaxis
86
black, foul-smelling, tarry stool containing digested blood
melena
87
Describe how the autonomic nervous system responds to severe bleeding
it redirects blood away from nonessential organs to the heart, brain,lungs, and kidney
88
describe the characteristics of bleeding from each type of vessel
artery: bright red, spurting vein: dark color with steady flow capillary: darker color, oozes
89
List, in proper sequence, the methods by which an EMT should attempt to control external bleeding of an extremity
1 direct pressure 2 pressure dressing 3 tourniquet 4 hemostatic agent/splints
90
list at least 10 signs and symptoms of hypovolemic shock
tachycarida/weakness,fainting, or dizziness on standing or at rest/thirst/nausea and vomiting/ cold, moist(clammy)skin/shallow,rapid breathing/dull eyes/slightly dilated pupils, slow to respond to light/capillary refill in infants and children of more than 2 sec/ week, rapid(thready)pulse/ decreasing blood pressure/altered mental status
91
list, in the proper sequence, the general EMT emergency care for patients with internal bleeding
1 follow standard precaution 2 maintain the airway with cervical spine immobilization 3 administer high-flow oxygen and provide artificial ventilation as necessary 4control all obvious external bleeding 5 treat suspect internal bleeding in an extremity by applying a splint 6 consider a pelvic compression device or splint for suspected internal bleeding from the pelvis area 7 monitor and record the patients vital signs at least every 5 min 8 keep the patient warm 9 give nothing by mouth 10 provide prompt transport for all patients with signs and symptoms of hypoperfusion. report changes inconditon to the ED

Chapter 24-28 (4 decks)

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