Final Flashcards

1
Q

hysteria

A

Freud - caused by sex drive. Psychological not physiological.

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2
Q

seduction theory

A

Freud - theory says early childhood sexual trauma (molestation) was the cause of symptoms.

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3
Q

techniques of psycho analysis

A

Freud - Trusting atmosphere, analytical neutrality, free association, interpretation of resistance, dream analysis, interpretation of parapraxes, interpretation of transference

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4
Q

How is Id restrained?

A

Freud - by the ego

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5
Q

Psychosexual stages

A

Freud - oral, anal, phallic, latency, genital

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6
Q

What enables us to manage our instincts and unconscious drives?

A

Freud - defense mechanisms manage instincts. Instincts restrained through development of higher cognitive functions

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7
Q

Definition of Id

A

Freud - the part of the mind in which innate instinctive impulses and primary processes are manifest.

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8
Q

Overindulged child is related to what stage of development?

A

Freud - oral stage

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9
Q

Oedipal complex

A

Freud - wanting to possess the parent of the opposite sex.

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10
Q

Libido is focused on what over the years?

A

Freud - erogenous zones

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11
Q

Moral anxiety

A

Freud - feeling bad about doing something wrong. comes from Superego.

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12
Q

Genital stage

A

Freud - onset of puberty

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13
Q

Are defense mechanisms good or bad?

A

Freud - either/both

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14
Q

Function of Id

A

Freud - driving force of personality. Seeks to satisfy basic urges.

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15
Q

Alternative names of Id

A

Freud - “it”

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16
Q

Functions of Ego

A

Freud - function is to temper id.

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17
Q

Alternative names of Ego

A

Freud - also called the “I”

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18
Q

Functions of superego

A

Freud - provides personal sense of right and wrong

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19
Q

Alternative names of superego

A

Freud

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20
Q

Synchronicity

A

Jung. Reflection of psychic event happening at the same time that a physical event occurred
Two events having some meaningful relationship to one another
No obvious causal relationship between the two
More than “coincidences”

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21
Q

Consciousness

A

Jung. Thinking that we are aware of.

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22
Q

Personal unconscious

A

Jung. Thinking that we are unaware of that is affected by our own life experience. All our repressed thoughts and behaviors that we have experienced but don’t remember

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23
Q

Collective unconscious

A

Jung. Thinking that we are unaware of that is passed down from previous generations. containing primordial images called archetypes which provide prototypes of ways of being in the world

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24
Q

ego (Jung)

A

Jung. Manages our mental functions and attitudes. Provides continuity of personality.

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25
Q

Purpose of therapeutic techniques in analytic therapy

A

Jung. To construct an atmosphere that allows the client to access the unconscious
To engage unconscious in order to integrate split-off and fragmented parts of self

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26
Q

Purpose of amplification

A

Jung. Important for clients to amplify symbols found in their lives
Therapist tries to uncover the meaning symbols hold relative to repressed material in the personal unconscious and the collective unconscious

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27
Q

According to Jung, by expanding our ____________ the individual is able to integrate parts of self that have been pushed into the _______________ thus, becoming a more fully functioning person

A

Jung

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28
Q

What does symptomatology represent in Jung’s theory?

A

Jung

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29
Q

Archetype closes toward consciousness

A

Jung. Persona.

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30
Q

Archetype furthest in unconciousness

A

Jung. Shadow?

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31
Q

Tendency to perceive the world in certain ways that we identify as “human”

A

Jung

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32
Q

Define psyche

A

Jung. All of our psychological processes. Consciousness, personal unconscious, collective unconscious,

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33
Q

Mental functions (Jung)

A

Jung. sensation, thinking, feeling, intuition. managed by ego.

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34
Q

Where is repressed material housed?

A

Jung. Personal unconscious.

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35
Q

Popular archetypes

A

Jung. persona, shadow, animus/anima, the self

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36
Q

Symbols (Jung)

A

Jung. Found in dreams, artwork, daydreams, fantasies.. Hold meaning relative to repressed material.

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37
Q

Jung techniques

A
Dialectical method
Active imagination
Dream analysis
Use of creative techniques
Amplification
Transference/Countertransference
Interpretation
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38
Q

Individuation

A

Jung. Lifelong process of uncovering separate parts of our selves
Goal of integrating parts into the whole person

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39
Q

Yin Yang

A

Jung. The symbol suggests:
we must learn to be in harmony with change
opposing forces in the universe complement one another and merge over time
inverting the symbol, shows how the mental functions might be configured (consciousness in the white) (T-F, I-S)

40
Q

Who or what did Rogers rely mostly on

A

Rogerian - his own experiences with clients

41
Q

What are we born with? (Adlerian)

A

Adler. Innate and unique capabilities.

42
Q

What impacts child development most? (Rogerian)

A

Rogerian - Parents

43
Q

Incongruence

A

Rogerian - non-genuine. Feelings, thoughts, behaviors are not in synch.

44
Q

What is associated with state of incongruence? (Rogerian)

A

Rogerian - conditions of worth?

45
Q

Congruence

A

Rogerian - being genuine or real.

46
Q

Unconditional positive regard

A

Rogerian - sense of acceptance regardless of feelings expressed.

47
Q

Carkhuff Scale

A

Rogerian - 5 point scale related to empathy

48
Q

“Shouldism” is related to…

A

Gestalt - Perl’s concept of topdog

49
Q

Esalen and Perls

A

Gestalt

50
Q

Gestalt therapy is grounded in…

A

Gestalt - existentialism and phenomenology.

51
Q

How is the self developed? (Gestalt)

A

Gestalt - process of need identification and need fulfillment.

52
Q

Contact

A

Gestalt - determines health. Defines boundary between self and other. confluence is bad. No contact is bad.

53
Q

Impasses and Blockages

A

Gestalt - introjection, projection, retroflection, desensitization, deflection, egotism, confluence

54
Q

The “Now” is equal to…

A

Gestalt - Now = experience = awareness = reality

55
Q

How did Reich influence Perls?

A

Gestalt - Reich taught Perls about “body armor.” Focus on non-verbals. Unfinished business is housed in our body.

56
Q

Boundaries in therapy and Perls

A

Gestalt - Confluence. Dissolving boundaries resulting in undefined self.

57
Q

Technique most related to working through unresolved issues between two people

A

Gestalt - dialogue game and empty chair

58
Q

Technique most related to working through unresolved issues within self

A

Gestalt - playing the projection

59
Q

Stages of need satisfaction

A

Gestalt - withdrawal (zero point), sensation, awareness, mobilization, action, contact, satisfaction

60
Q

Layers of neuroses

A

Gestalt - cliche layer, role-playing or phony layer, impasse layer, implosive layer, explosive/authentic layer.

61
Q

Is Gestalt therapy effective in reducing anxiety?

A

Gestalt - somewhat

62
Q

Did Perls work on layers of psychoneurotic sexuality?

A

Gestalt - no

63
Q

Empty chair technique and outcome research

A

Gestalt

64
Q

Figure/ground

A

Gestalt - people perceive the foreground and do not recognize the background. Unsatisfied needs are in the foreground, satisfied needs are in the background.

65
Q

Polarities

A

Gestalt - infinite number of dimensions that come in pairs. Example top dog/under dog.

66
Q

Zero point

A

Gestalt - withdrawal stage. stage in the need-satisfaction cycle.

67
Q

Cliche layer

A

Gestalt - socially acceptable way of behaving

68
Q

Role-Playing or Phony Layer

A

Gestalt - front we present to avoid contact

69
Q

Impasse layer

A

Gestalt - the point where one realizes a role is being played.

70
Q

Implosive layer

A

Gestalt - when one decides who one really is

71
Q

Explosive/Authentic Layer

A

Gestalt - when one is willing to risk being oneself.

72
Q

non-reductionistic

A

Gestalt - the idea that spiritual, mental, physiological, and psychological parts of a person are inseperable and connected to external forces.

73
Q

Teleology

A

Adler. We move toward the future. Striving for perfection.

74
Q

Striving for perfection

A

Adler. Originally inherent aggressive drive. Later striving for superiority.

75
Q

Primary feelings of inferiority

A

Universal and natural. Feelings we learn to overcome. Lead to growth, wholeness, cooperation.

76
Q

Private Logic

A

Developed to overcome feelings of inferiorty. Inner voice, self talk, internal images

77
Q

Is birth order always indicative of certain behaviors?

A

No. sometimes psychological birth order is different than physical birth order. Other factors can mediate birth order.

78
Q

Primary feelings of inferiority

A

Adler. Universal and natural. Feelings we learn to overcome. Lead to growth, wholeness, cooperation.

79
Q

Private Logic

A

Adler. Developed to overcome feelings of inferiorty. Inner voice, self talk, internal images

80
Q

Is birth order always indicative of certain behaviors?

A

Adler. No. sometimes psychological birth order is different than physical birth order. Other factors can mediate birth order.

81
Q

Natural consequences/logical consequences

A

Adler. Logical consequences are imposed by another person.

82
Q

Compensation

A

Adler. Behaviors developed in an attempt to squash feelings of inferiority or being unfulfilled.

83
Q

Successfully dealing with feelings of inferiority leads to…

A

Adler. Growth, wholeness, cooperation

84
Q

Dysfunctional behaviors in children

A

Adler. attention seeking, use of power, revenge seeking, displaying inadequacy

85
Q

Subjective final goal

A

Adler. guiding self-ideal. drive people throughout life.

86
Q

Who can influence the lives of children?

A

Adler. teachers, parents, therapists

87
Q

Role-playing and acting “as if”

A

Adler. behaving in a manner congruent to the development of a healthier lifestyle.

88
Q

Spit in the client’s soup

A

Adler. an effort to show a client their current ways of functioning are unhealthy and jar them out of maladaptive patterns.

89
Q

Compensating

A

Adler. How people rid themselves of feelings of inferiority.

90
Q

Style of Life

A

Adler. Reflected in our movement toward our subjective final goal.

91
Q

Schemas of Apperception

A

Adler. cognitive rules developed to help us understand our experiences.

92
Q

What is oppression related to (Adler)

A

Feelings of inferiority.

93
Q

What is oppression related to (Adler)

A

Feelings of inferiority.

94
Q

Existential Techniques

A

Dialectical method, educating the client, I-Thou authentic relationship, Phenomenological perspective, Acceptance, Confrontation, Encouragement, self-reflect, paradoxical intention, De-reflection/refocusing

95
Q

Existential view of human nature

A

We are born neither good nor bad. Born alone, die alone. We have to make our own meaning. Freedom and meaning come from choices. anti-deterministic.

96
Q

Ways to avoid responsibility

A

displacement, losing control, avoiding autonomy