Filoviruses Flashcards
Filo
“Thread”
Genome?
Nonsegmented (-)ssRNA
Structure?
Helical nucleocapsid with an envelope
Distinct filamentous shape
Select pathogenic members
Ebolavirus and Marburgvirus
VAP?
Glycoprotein (GP)
Nucleoprotein (N/NP)
Coats the genome along with VP30 and VP24
L
Viral RNAP that complexes with VP35
VP40 (M)
Forms the matrix
Life cycle
- Attachment - glycoprotein binds host receptor
- Penetration - Endocytosis
- Entry - fusion at endosomal membrane triggered by lowering pH
- Uncoating
- Gene expression - via primary transcription
- Genome replication - using viral RNAP
- Assembly - at plasma membrane
- release - via budding
Transcriptional polarity
3’ genes are transcribed more efficiently than 5’ genes because of polymerase stuttering at the polyUs between genes
Transmission
Bodily fluids
Fomites
Contaminated needles
Bushmeat
Reston ebolavirus
Infects pigs which infect more pigs and humans
Respiratory disease
Virus of zoonotic potential
Reservoir host
Bats
Sites of primary replication
Localized dendritic cells (and macrophages)
Receptor for site of primary replication
NPC1 which is expressed systemically
Sites of secondary replication
Lymphocytes
Innate immune cells
Almost all organs affected
Ervebo (rVSV-EBOV)
Live-attenuated vaccine that is replication-competent
Single dose and uses Vesicular,sr Stomatitis Virus as vector and expresses EBOV GP not VSV GP
Zabdeno/Mvabea (Ad26-ZEBOV/MVA-BN-Filo)
Adenovirus used to deliver EBOV GP RNA
Booster is Vaccinia Ankara virus (MVA) which encodes GP from EBOV, SUDV, and MARV
cAd3-EBOZ (chAd3-EBO Z) with or without MVA-BN-Filo
Uses chimpanzee adenovirus to deliver EBOV GP RNA
