Fill in the blank questions (Chapter One, Five, and Six) Flashcards
The two major types of cells that make up the nervous system are
glial, neurons
Substances are conveyed from the cell body of the neuron to the distant reaches of the axon through a process of
axonal transport
Axon terminals form the —- side of the synapse, and the dendrites form the —- side of the synapse
presynaptic, postsynaptic
Although nerve cells typically have only one axon, it may divide into numerous axon —-
collaterals
Almost all incoming sensory information passes through the —-, which sends the information to the overlying cortex
thalamus
Fibers that carry information away from the brain are called —-, whereas fibers that carry information toward the brain are called —-
efferents, afferents
The major divisions of the spinal cord are —-, —–, —–, and —— *SCL(A)T
sacral, cervical, lumbar, thoracic
The hypothalamus is located — to the thalamus
ventral
The —- sulcus divides the frontal lobe from the parietal lobe
central
Eye muscles are controlled by cranial nerves —-, —–, and —-
oculomotor, trochlear, abducens
The three main components of the peripheral nervous system are the —- nerves, the —- nerves, and — nerves
*SAC
spinal, autonomic, cranial
The dorsal root ganglia contain cell bodies of processes carrying —- information
sensory
The — and the —- are two parts of the limbic system that forms arcs under the surface of the cerebral hemispheres
formix, hippocampus
Almost all hormone secretion is under the control of the —- gland, which is in turn controlled by the —
pituitary, hypothalamus
Within the midbrain, the —- receive auditory (sound) information
inferior colliculi
The most prominent type of neuron of the cerebral cortex-the pyramidal neuron- features an ___ dendrite that extends toward the outer surface of the cortex, and ____ dendrites that spread horizontally from the body
apical, basilar
The major components of the ventricular system are the ____ ventricles, the ____ ventricle, and the ___ ventricle
*L34
lateral, third, fourth
MRI makes use of ____ waves and ____ fields to form images of the living brain
radio, magnetic
In ___ fMRI, the brains of two interacting individuals are simultaneously imaged
dyadic
a. Golgi stain
b. In situ hybridization
c. Nissl stain
d. Immunohistochemistry
e. Cranial nerves
f. Thalamus
g. Medulla
h. Limbic systems
i. Hypothalamus
j. Cerebellum
- Intracellular proteins
- Cell bodies
- Entire neuron, including all cell processes
- Label neurons with active gene of interest
- Sensory information
- Cardiac control
- Motor coordination
- Hunger control
- Emotion
- Sensory/motor systems of head
a: 3, b: 4, c: 2, d: 1, e: 10, f: 5, g: 6, h: 9, i: 8, j: 7
The two hormones secreted by the pancreas are ___ and ____
insulin, glucagon
Specialized cells called ____ cells, resemble both neurons and endocrine cells. Many cells of this type are found in the ____
neurosecretory, hypothalamus
Insulin causes blood levels of glucose to ____, while glucagon causes blood levels of glucose to ____
decrease, increase
Hormones that induce cells to release their hormones are collectively known as ____ hormones
tropic
Concentrations of hormones in the blood may be quantified using the ____ technique
radioimmunoassay
Peptide hormone effects are often mediated by the second messenger _____
cAMP
Stimulation of the nipple of a breastfeeding mother stimulates the release of ___ from the ____ pituitary
oxytocin, posterior
Cells of the hypothalamus can respond to levels of hormones in the blood because the ____ is diminished in this location
blood-brain barrier
The principal hormones of the adrenal medulla are ____ and ____, which are secreted in response to signals from the ____
epinephrine, norepinephrine, sympathetic
