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Unit III - Head & Neck > Fill in the Blank (pgs 6-10 of practice exam - no duplicates) > Flashcards

Fill in the Blank (pgs 6-10 of practice exam - no duplicates) Flashcards

1
Q

Abduction, depression and intorsion of the eye are all functions of the _________ muscle.

A

superior oblique

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2
Q

Protrusion of the _________ is a function of the genioglossus muscle.

A

tongue

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3
Q

Superficial cerebral veins are located in the __________ filled subarachnoid space.

A

CSF

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4
Q

The nerve of the pterygoid canal enters the _______ fossa by traversing the pterygoid canal.

A

pterygopalatine

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5
Q

The greater petrosal nerve is the parasympathetic root of the _____ ganglion.

A

pterygopalatine

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6
Q

The ______ reflex tests the sensory function of the glossopharyngeal nerve and the motor function of the vagus nerve.

A

gag

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7
Q

Fine touch sensations from the mucosa covering the tip of the __________ are conveyed to the central nervous system over the axons of the lingual nerve.

A

tongue

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8
Q

The venous drainage of the scalp and the superior sagittal sinus are interconnected through a series of _____ veins.

A

emissary

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9
Q

The __________ dural venous sinus is positioned along the attached margin of the tentorium cerebelli.

A

transverse

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10
Q

The branches of the __________ artery are typically positioned medial to the pterion.

A

middle meningeal

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11
Q

The _______ muscle enters the pharynx by passing between the superior and middle constrictor muscles.

A

stylopharyngeus

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12
Q

The ________ incisors are typically innervated by the anterior superior alveolar nerves.

A

upper

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13
Q

The laryngeal mucosa _______ to the vocal folds is innervated by the recurrent laryngeal nerve.

A

inferior

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14
Q

The posterior division of the ______ and the posterior auricular vein are the two primary tributaries of the external jugular vein.

A

retromandibular

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15
Q

As it emerges from the interpeduncular fossa, the _________ nerve typically passes between the posterior cerebral and superior cerebellar arteries.

A

oculomotor

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16
Q

The meningeal branch of the mandibular nerve re-enters the skull by traversing the __________.

A

foramen spinosum

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17
Q

The glossopharyngeal, vagus and accessory nerves all exit the __________ fossa by traversing the __________ foramen.

A

posterior cranial, jugular

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18
Q

The anterior longitudinal ligament of the spine may be torn during a severe _______ (movement) of the neck.

A

hyperextension

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19
Q

The _________ nerve traverses the cavernous sinus adjacent to the __________ artery.

A

abducens, internal carotid

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20
Q

The hypoglossal nerve emerges from the __________ between the pyramid and the __________.

A

medulla, olive

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21
Q

The __________ veins interconnect the venous drainage of the face and orbit with the cavernous sinus.

A

ophthalmic

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22
Q

The __________, lacrimal and trochlear nerves all traverse the superior orbital fissure superior to the annular (common tendinous) ring.

A

frontal

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23
Q

The superior oblique muscle of the eye receives its sensory innervation from branches of the __________ nerve.

A

ophthalmic

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24
Q

The inferior alveolar artery is typically a direct branch of the __________ artery.

A

maxillary

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25
Q

The __________ nerve, a sensory branch of the mandibular nerve, passes medial to the lateral pterygoid muscle and posterior to the neck of the mandible.

A

auriculotemporal

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26
Q

The stapedius muscle attaches in part to the _________ (ossicle) and is innervated by a branch of the facial nerve.

A

stapes

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27
Q

The anterior inferior aspect of the nasal septum typically receives its blood supply from branches of the sphenopalatine, greater palatine, anterior ethmoidal and _________ arteries.

A

facial

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28
Q

The _________ reflex tests the parasympathetic motor function of the IIIrd cranial nerve.

A

pupillary

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29
Q

The posterior cricoarytenoid muscle is the only _________(movement) of the vocal folds.

A

abductor

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30
Q

The mylohyoid muscle forms the floor of the _________ cavity.

A

oral

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31
Q

The __________ nerve provides sensory innervation to the molars of the lower jaw.

A

inferior alveolar

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32
Q

The upper compartment of the TMJ is classified (synovial) as a __________ joint where as the lower compartment is a hinge joint.

A

gliding (plane)

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33
Q

The muscles of mastication are derived from the __________ pharyngeal (branchial) arch.

A

first (mandibular)

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34
Q

The __________ muscle extends from vertebral body to vertebral body and functions in flexion of the neck.

A

longus colli

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35
Q

The ________with its associated tympanic plexus is located in the medial wall of the middle ear.

A

promontory

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36
Q

The cell bodies of the postganglionic parasympathetic neurons innervating the _________ gland are located in the otic ganglion.

A

parotid

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37
Q

The __________ muscle functions to elevate the hyoid and larynx and is innervated by a branch of ventral ramus C1.

A

thyrohyoid or geniohyoid

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38
Q

The tectorial membrane is continuous with the __________ ligament of the vertebral column.

A

posterior longitudinal

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39
Q

The sphenoid sinus typically drains into the __________ of the nasal cavity.

A

sphenoethmoidal recess

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40
Q

The __________ nodes typically receive the direct lymphatic drainage of the skin overlying the superior attachment of the trapezius muscle.

A

occipital

41
Q

The _______ and the ramus of the mandible form the lateral boundary of the infratemporal fossa.

A

zygomtic arch

42
Q

Proximal to the superior orbital fissure, the oculomotor and trochlear nerves are positioned in the lateral wall of the ________sinus.

A

cavernous

43
Q

The medial and lateral pterygoid muscles function during the side-to-side grinding motion of the ___________.

A

mandible

44
Q

The facial nerve is closely associated with the _______ wall of the middle ear.

A

posterior

45
Q

The temporalis, masseter and medial pterygoid muscles all function to ________ (movement) the mandible.

A

elevate

46
Q

The _________ membrane is continuous with the posterior longitudinal ligament of the vertebral column.

A

tectorial

47
Q

The __________ nerve innervates all the muscles of the palate except for the tensor palatini.

A

vagus (pharyngeal branch)

48
Q

The __________ and __________ communicate through the auditory tube.

A

nasal pharynx, middle ear

49
Q

The ________ lip drains directly into the submental lymph nodes.

A

central lower

50
Q

The posterior fibers of the __________ muscle function in retrusion of the mandible.

A

temporalis

51
Q

The greater palatine and nasopalatine nerves innervate the mucosa of the _______.

A

hard palate

52
Q

The lingual nerve innervates the mucosa overlying the _______ of the oral cavity.

A

floor

53
Q

The upper molars and their associated _______ mucosa are innervated by the PSA nerves.

A

buccal

54
Q

The globus pallidus and putamen are positioned directly lateral to the _______.

A

internal capsule

55
Q

The VPM nucleus of the _________ is the specific relay nucleus for the _________ somatosensory system.

A

thalamus, trigeminal

56
Q

The cell bodies of the second order neurons of the __________ pathway for the head are located in the spinal trigeminal nucleus.

A

pain and temperature

57
Q

Axons projecting from the thalamus to the _________ must pass through the internal capsule.

A

cerebral cortex

58
Q

The parapharyngeal space is positioned between the _________ and the superior constrictor.

A

medial pterygoid

59
Q

Axons projecting from the inferior olive to the cerebellar cortex pass through the __________ cerebellar peduncle.

A

inferior

60
Q

Axons projecting from the deep cerebellar nuclei to the thalamus pass through the __________ cerebellar peduncle.

A

superior

61
Q

The primary afferent neuron (cell body) for auditory sensation is located in the __________.

A

spiral ganglion

62
Q

Axons arising from the lateral geniculate nucleus project to the primary visual cortex of the ________ lobe.

A

occipital

63
Q

Most of the brainstem lower motor neurons receive bilateral corticobulbar afferents. Which cranial nerve nucleus (or subdivision) receives only contralateral corticobulbar afferents?

A

lower facial nucleus

64
Q

The cell bodies of the second order neurons of the ________ and__________ pathway for the head are located in the spinal trigeminal nucleus.

A

pain, temperature

65
Q

The mesencephalic trigeminal nucleus contains the neuronal cell bodies for some of the ____________ innervating temporalis muscle spindles.

A

Primary sensory afferents

66
Q

The majority of the __________ axons passing from one cerebral hemisphere to the contralateral cerebral hemisphere pass through the corpus callosum.

A

commissural

67
Q

The organ of corti is located in the ___________ of the inner ear.

A

cochlea

68
Q

The crista ampullaris is a receptor structure located in the __________ of the petrous portion of the temporal bone.

A

semicircular canals

69
Q

The utricle is the most important end organ for our sense of ___________ acceleration.

A

linear horizontal

70
Q

The __________ nerve contains the axons of the ganglion cells of the retina.

A

optic

71
Q

The superior and inferior colliculi are located in the tectum, the dorsal aspect of the __________.

A

midbrain

72
Q

The medial geniculate nucleus is the _____________ relay nucleus for the ______________ system.

A

thalamus, auditory

73
Q

Axons arising from the left pontine nuclei project to the cerebellar cortex by passing through the ________ cerebellar peduncle .

A

right middle

74
Q

The _______ region of the cerebellum modulates motor movements of the trunk.

A

midline (vermis)

75
Q

The output of the globus pallidus controls motor movements by __________ of the motor nuclei (VA/VL) of the thalamus.

A

inhibition

76
Q

The neurohypophysis (posterior pituitary) is the region of the pituitary gland that contains the axon terminals of neurons in the hypothalamus that secrete ________or _______ into the bloodstream.

A

oxytocin, vasopressin

77
Q

The hypothalamus, a brain structure involved in the regulation of body weight, sleep and sexual behavior, is a subdivision of the _______ (region of the brain).

A

diencephalon

78
Q

The amygdala, a cerebral structure involved in the coordination of emotional responses, is located in the anterior-medial aspect of the_________ lobe.

A

temporal

79
Q

The primary motor cortex is located in the _______ gyrus of the _______ lobe.

A

precentral, frontal

80
Q

The primary somatosenory cortex is located in the _______ gyrus of the ____ lobe.

A

postcentral, parietal

81
Q

The reticular activating system is located in the _________, a major brain subdivision.

A

brainstem

82
Q

Axons projecting to and from the hippocampus, a structure critical to the formation of new memories, traverse the _________.

A

fornix

83
Q

The corneal (blink) reflex tests the __________ function of the Vth cranial nerve and the __________ function of the VIIth cranial nerve.

A

sensory, motor

84
Q

Epidural hematomas are typically associated with a laceration of one or more of the __________ arteries, whereas __________ hematomas are associated with tears of the superficial cerebral veins.

A

meningeal, subdural

85
Q

The VA/VL nuclei of the thalamus are the specific relay nuclei for the __________ system involving the cerebellum and basal ganglia.

A

motor

86
Q

The primary auditory cortex is located in the __________ lobe.

A

temporal

87
Q

Coordination of emotional responses is the function of the __________ circuit involving the amygdala, whereas memory consolidation involves the hippocampus.

A

limbic

88
Q

Pharyngeal __________ are covered by ectoderm and positioned between adjacent pharyngeal arches.

A

clefts

89
Q

The mylohyoid and anterior belly of the digastric are both derived from the________ pharyngeal arch.

A

first

90
Q

The stapedius muscle is a derivative of the ________ pharyngeal arch.

A

second

91
Q

The levator palatini muscle is a derivative of the ________ pharyngeal arch.

A

4th

92
Q

The _______ and ________ (ossicles) are both derivative of the ________ pharyngeal arch.

A

malleus, incus, first

93
Q

The first _______, positioned adjacent to the 2nd pharyngeal cleft, contributes to the formation of the external ear.

A

pharyngeal cleft

94
Q

The parathyroid glands and _________ are derivatives of the 3rd pharyngeal pouch.

A

thymus

95
Q

The tongue is derived from the first, second, third and fourth ________ and myoblasts from the occipital somites.

A

pharyngeal arches

96
Q

The secondary palate is formed by the fusion of the right and left ______ shelves.

A

palatine

97
Q

The maxilla forms from fusion of the bilateral medial nasal processes and distal zones of the paired _______.

A

maxillary processes

98
Q

The thyroid gland initially develops as a diverticulum at ________, a tongue structure.

A

foramen cecum

Unit III - Head & Neck (3 decks)

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