Figurative language & thought Flashcards
main types of figurative lang>
- synecdoche
- metonymy
- simile
-metaphor
synecdoche=
mentioning the part to mean the whole; or mentioning the whole to mean the part (“we need some new FACES around here [p>w]; “england made history [w>p]”)
metonymy=
referring to one thing in terms of another, where some association exists between the 2 (“i am reading shakespeare”>author for works)
simile=
explicit statement of comparison between two unlike things
>makes you look for similarity between items (even if not similar before)
metaphor=
talking (& potentially thinking) about one thing in terms of another, where the two ‘things’ are different but we can perceive a similarity
conceptual metaphor theory=
looking at conventional patterns of metaphorical expressions in everyday lang & implication for role of metaphor in thought
source domain=
what you draw from (JOURNEY); generally more concrete & sensorimotor experience
target domain=
what you’re talking about (LIFE); generally more abstract and/or complex experiences
Difference between lingustic & conceptual metaphors>
conceptual (LIFE IS A JOURNEY); linguistic (“im at a crossroads in my life”)
down side of framing power of metaphors>
metaphors can have strong effect (i.e. LIAJ>doesnt account for content moments in life; AIW>leads to competiveness, unlikely to find compromise)
L& J 4 ways of using conventional metaphors creatively
1> extending ccm
2>elaborating ccm
3> questioning ccm
4> combining/composing ccm
extending conventional creative metpahors>
mapping a normally unused element of SOURCE domain onto the TARGET domain (LIAJ>”two roads diverged in the wood, and i took the one less travelled by”)
Elaborating conventional conceptual metaphors>
realising in an unsual way, a normally used element of the source domain (SAD IS DOWN>”i languished at the bottom of a deep hole”)
questioning conventional conceptual metaphors=
calling into qn the validity of conventional metaphors
>(i.e. problems with “after a long battle with cancer” & need for constant resilience)
combining/composing conventional conceptual metaphors=
realising more than one conceptual metaphor simultaneously within the same stretch of text in relation to the same target domain (e.g. AIW & LIAJ together)
