Fighting disease Flashcards
What does the stomach produce that can kill pathogens ?
Hydrochloric acid
Defence property of skin?
Acts as a barrier to pathogens by secreting antimicrobial substances which kill pathogens
How did the trachea and bronchi hi kill pathogens
Secrete mucus to trap pathogens
How does your nose defend you against pathogens ?
Hairs and mucus in your nose trap particles that contain pathogens
Name the 3 ways white blood cells help to defend against pathogens?
Phagocytosis
- Producing antibodies
- Producing antitoxins
Describe the process of phagocytosis?
White blood cells engulf foreign cells and digest them
How do producing antibodies destroy the pathogen?
The antibodies lock onto invading cells so they can be found and destroyed by other white blood cells
- The antibodies produce a specific antigen that won’t lock onto anything else
- antibodies are produced rapidly
- Person becomes natural immune to the
What is injected into the body During a vaccination ?
Dead or inactive pathogens To stimulate the white blood cells to produce antibodies
Give the pros of vaccinations
- Epidemics company prevented by a percentage of the population been vaccinated
- Vaccines have helped control lots of communicable diseases that were once common in the uk such as smallpox
What happens if the same pathogen re-enters the body ?
-The white blood cells respond quickly to produce the correct antibodies preventing infection
Give the cons of vaccination
- vaccinations don’t always work they sometimes give you immunity
- You can have a bad reaction
What pain killer does aspirin originate from
willow
What do painkillers do
Relieve symptoms but but don’t kill the pathogen
What our antibiotics
Antibiotics such as penicillin actually kill the bacteria without killing your own body cells
What has the use of antibiotics greatly reduced
The number of deaths from communicable diseases caused by bacteria
Why don’t antibiotics kill viral pathogens?
As viruses rreproduce using your own body cells which antibiotics avoid
How can you slow down the rate of development of resistant strains?
Avoid over prescribing antibiotics
-finish the whole course
Which plant does digitalis us d to treat heart conditions originated from ?
Foxgloves
Who discovered penicillin and how
Alexander Fleming
-Found mould on one of his petri dishes of bacteria and found a substance killing bacteria was penicillin
How are drugs made today ?
Pharmaceutical industry synthesised by chemists
What is meant by antibiotic resistant bacteria
When bacteria mutate which sometimes causes them to be resistant to an antibiotic
