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Question 1

how can bacteria make us feel ill?

Answer 1

by producing toxins that damage your cells and tissues

Question 2

give a way that fungi can cause disease ?

Answer 2

-hyphae which grow and penetrate human skin and the surface of plants causing disease

Question 3

what is a pathogen?

Answer 3

a microorganisms that cause infectious diseases

Question 4

list the ways pathogens can be spread ?

Answer 4

• water
• air
• direct contact

Question 5

what are symptoms of salmonella ?

Answer 5

• diarrhoea
• fever
• vomiting
• stomach cramps

Question 6

what are symptoms of gonorrhoea?

Answer 6

• pain when urinating

- thick yellow discharge

Question 7

what are the symptoms of measles ?

Answer 7

• red skin rash

- fever

Question 8

symptoms of malaria ?

Answer 8

-repeating episodes of fever

Question 9

how can a virus damage the body ?

Answer 9

by cell damage replicating themselves inside cells then burst into new viruses

Question 10

what can both bacteria and viruses do ?

Answer 10

may reproduce rapidly inside the body

Question 11

name the 3 viral disease ?

Answer 11

• measles
• HIV
• TMV

Question 12

how are measles spread ?

Answer 12

by droplets from an infected person’s sneeze or cough

Question 13

how can measles by prevented / cured ?

Answer 13

most young children are vaccinated

Question 14

how is HIV caused ?

Answer 14

spread by sexual contact or exchange of bodily fluids such as blood sharing needles

Question 15

what are symptoms of HIV?

Answer 15

flu like symptoms for a few weeks

Question 16

how can HIV be controlled ?

Answer 16

by antiretroviral drugs that stop the virus replicating in the body

Question 17

what happens at the late stages of HIV (AIDS)?

Answer 17

bodies immune system becomes badly damaged ad can no longer cope with other infections and cancers

Question 18

name the 2 bacterial diseases ?

Answer 18

• salmonella

- gonorrhoea

Question 19

how is gonorrhoea caused ?

Answer 19

STD caused by bacterium

Question 20

how was gonorrhoea initially be treated ?

Answer 20

antibiotic penicillin until it became resistant

Question 21

how is gonorreha prevented ?

Answer 21

• condoms

- antibiotics

Question 22

what is rose black spot?

Answer 22

a fungal disease that’s causes purple or black spots to appear on leaves of roses

Question 23

how does rose black spot effect plants + spread ?

Answer 23

• affects the growth as photosynthesis is reduced

- spread by water or wind

Question 24

how can rose black spots be treated ?

Answer 24

• fungicides

- destroying infected leaves

Question 25

what is TMV ?

Answer 25

widespread plant pathogen affecting many species such as tomatoes

Question 26

what does TMV leave on plants and what does this mean ?

Answer 26

• discolouration on leaves which means plant cant carry out photosynthesis affecting growth

Question 27

How the spread of disease can be reduced /prevented?

Answer 27

• being hygienic e.g washing hands
• destroying vectors e.g insecticides destroying habitat so they can no longer breed
• Isolating infected individuals
• Vaccination

Question 28

What are the pathogens called that causes malaria ?

Answer 28

Protists

Question 29

What is a mosquito?

Answer 29

The mosquitoes are vectors they pick up the malaria protist when they feed on infected animal

Question 30

How can the spread of malaria be reduced

Answer 30

• Insecticides or mosquito nets to be protected from mosquitoes
• By stopping the mosquitoes from breeding