fight off infections Flashcards
are viruses bacteria?
no
are viruses treatable with antibiotics?
no
are viruses alive?
no
what are viruses?
cellular parasites
what can viruses infect?
archaea, bacteria, fungi, plants, animals
the structure of ALL viruses includes:
nucleic acid (DNA or RNA)
what is it called when the cell engulfs a virus
endocytosis
where is viral RNA replicated in a cell
nucleus
what is innate immunity?
physical barriers that prevent infection from bacteria
examples of innate immunity
skin, hair, cilia, mucus membranes, digestive enzymes, stomach acidity, inflammatory response
what do white blood cells do against bacteria?
engulf and kill
what is adaptive immunity?
body’s ability to recognize and remember antigens in an immune response
what is primary response?
the first encounter with a pathogen, the immune response is weak
what is secondary response?
later encounters with the same pathogen, full immune response preventing symptoms
are you more likely to get symptoms during primary or secondary response?
primary
what can lymphocytes (B and T cells) do?
recognize antigens
what are antigens?
foreign proteins/molecules that begin and immune response and produce antibodies
what do antibodies do?
bind to pathogens and mark them for destruction
What cells does HIV infect?
T cells
what are allergies?
immune response toward a harmless foreign substance
what is autoimmunity?
when body’s immune system reacts to its own proteins as if they were invaders
what percent of population has autoimmunity?
5%
what is herd immunity?
resistance to spread of disease when a large community becomes immune to the disease
why is it important to get vaccinated?
exposes body to pathogen so your body knows how to fight it, produces secondary response
