Fieldwork (General) Flashcards

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1
Q

What is primary data?

A
  • Information collected yourself directly through fieldwork
  • It is the most up to date and you are familiar with how it was obtained
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2
Q

What is secondary data?

A

Information somebody else has collected for you that you will be using to help answer your hypothesis

You can often crosscheck your primary data with secondary data to check validity

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3
Q

What is qualitative data?

A
  • Data that is non numerial (e.g photos or questionnaire responses)
  • Analysis of these results can often be subjective
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4
Q

What is quantitative data?

A
  • Numerical data associated with measurements
  • The data can be easily plotted onto a graph to easily see the trends
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5
Q

What are three methods of sampling?

A
  • Random
  • Systematic
  • Stratified
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6
Q

What is random sampling and what are it’s advantages and disadvantages?

A
  • When a random number generator is used to randomly choose sample sites for fieldwork study
  • This is great for reducing bias
  • However the sites may be all grouped in one area and your scope of results are limited or be where data is difficult/unsafe to measure
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7
Q

What is systematic sampling and what are it’s advantages and disadvantages?

A
  • Choosing sampling sites at specific and equal intervals (e.g exactly every 2m along a 20m beach)
  • You get a perfect scope of results as you measure the entire area
  • However the sites might be suboptimal to measure in or not give you an accurate picture as you may accidentally skip key areas
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8
Q

What is stratified sampling and what are it’s advantages and disadvantages?

A
  • Using pre-existing knowledge to purposefully choose sampling sites
  • You can choose the safest, most relavant and most easy to measure sites
  • However the results will be biased and won’t give a complete picture of the area
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9
Q

What is a procedural error?

A

The methods chosen to collect information were suboptimal and as a result the data was inaccurate

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10
Q

What is a human error?

A

When bias or the errors in the noting down of data results in inaccurate data

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11
Q

What is a measurement error?

A

An error made during the measuring process which resulted in inaccurate data (e.g parallax error)

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