Fieldwork Flashcards
What is primary data
Data collected by the student
What is secondary data
Data collected by someone else
What are the advantages and disadvantages of primary and secondary data
Any fieldwork will involve consideration of health and safety by using a …
Risk assessment
What are the advantages of quantitative and qualitative data
What are the type of sampling
Random
Systematic
Stratified
What is random sampling
A grid is drawn/placed over the area to be studied
The squares which include part of the study area are numbered
The numbers are entered into a random number generator
The samples should be collected as near as possible to the points given
What is systematic sampling
The samples are selected at regular intervals
What is stratified sampling
Used when the study area includes significantly different parts known as subsets
Is based on the idea that the sample represents the whole population
What are the advantages and disadvantages of different sampling methods
How can data be represented
Graphs
Annotated photographs
Field sketches
Maps
Diagrams
What are the stages of analysis
Describe the data shown in the graphs/photographs/maps
Identification of the highest and lowest results
Identification of any patterns and trends
Identification of any relationships between data
It is not practical or feasible to collect data …
Along all parts of the coast
What equipment would be needed for coast measurements
Surveyor’s 25+ meter tape: measuring distances on a beach or between ranging poles when completing beach transects
Compass to measure direction
Ranging poles for beach transects
Clinometer: calculate the angle of a beach
Callipers: measuring pebble size
Quadrat: used to select sediment for sampling
Clipboard for holding recording sheets
Recording sheets
Roundness or angularity charts
Pencil for writing in data, particularly useful if the paper becomes damp
Camera to take photographs of sites and coastal features
What is the risk assessment associated with coastal fieldwork
Tide times
Weather conditions
Slippery rocks
Polluted water
Working in an unfamiliar place
Misuse of equipment
What is a beach profile
use distance and angle measurements to identify the shape of the beach
How is beach profile carried out
Student A stands, at a safe distance from the edge of the sea, holding a ranging pole
Student B stands holding a second ranging pole, further up the beach where there is a break of slope
Measure the distance between the two ranging poles using a tape measure
Measure the angle between the matching markers on the ranging pole using a clinometer
Repeat the process at each slope break until you reach the top of the beach
What is sediment analysis
used to examine how beach material is sorted across the width of a beach which links to longshore drift processes
The sediment is measured at the beach using …
callipers to measure the axes of each pebble
How do you measure groynes
Use a tape measure and find the height of beach material on either side of a groyne
Measure a minimum of three heights along the beach profile of each groyne
Compare a series of groynes along the length of the beach
How to perform the evaluation for the coastal fieldwork
where you note how successful, or not, the river investigation was and what you would do differently next time
What equipment is needed for the urban fieldwork
Record sheets
Interview Sheets
Pencil for completing recording sheets
Camera to take photographs of land use
Digital noise meter
Environmental Quality Surveys
Maps
What is the risk assessment associated with urban fieldwork
Weather conditions
Working in an unfamiliar place
Traffic
Getting lost
Speaking to strangers
Pollution
Cars
How to perform the evaluation for the urban fieldwork
which outlines how successful or not the rural environment enquiry was and what could be done differently were it to be repeated
