Fields and their consequences 🧲

Question 1

Force field

Answer 1

Area in which an object experiences a non contact force
(Can be represented as vectors which describes the direction of the force that would be exerted on the object)

Question 2

Field lines

Answer 2

Distance between filmed lines represents the strength of the force exerted by the field in that region

Question 3

Force fields formation

Answer 3

During the interaction of masses, static charge or moving charges
• Gravitational fields - formed during interaction of masses
• Electric fields - formed during the interaction of charges

Question 4

Field similarities or differences

Answer 4

Sim : Follow an inverse square law, field lines to be represented, both have equipotential surfaces
Diff : gravitational fields, the force exerted is always attractive, while in electric fields the force can be repulsive or attractive
Electrics force act on charge while grav force acts on mass

Question 5

Gravity

Answer 5

Acts on any objects that have mass and is always attractive

Question 6

Newtons law of gravitation

Answer 6

Shows that the magnitude of the gravitational force between two masses is directly proportional to the product of the masses and is inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them

Question 7

Force between masses EQ

Answer 7

F = Gm1m2/r^2

Question 8

Gravitational field strength

Answer 8

Is the force per unit mass exerted by a gravitational field on an object.

Question 9

Gravitational field strength EQ

Answer 9

g = F/m

Question 10

Gravitational field strength for radial fields

Answer 10

g = GM/r^2

Question 11

Gravitational potential

Answer 11

Point is the work done per unit mass when moving an object from infinity to that point
GP at infinity is zero and as an object moves from infinity to a point, energy is released as the GPE is reduced
There’ve always negative
V = - GM/r (radial field)

Question 12

Gravitational potential difference

Answer 12

Energy needed to move a unit mass between two points

Question 13

Work done

Answer 13

m△v

Question 14

Equipotential surfaces

Answer 14

Surfaces which are created through joining points of equal potential together, therefore the potential on an equipotential surface is constant everywhere
As these points all have equal potential, the gravitational potential is zero when moving along the surface so no work is done when moving along an equipotential surface

Question 15

Equipotential graph takeaway

Answer 15

Gravitational potential V is inversely proportional to the distance between the centres of the two objects

Question 16

Gravitational field strength (g)

Answer 16

at a certain distance can be measured by drawing a tangent to the curve at that distance and calculating its gradient, then multiplying by -1
g = -△v/△r

Question 17

Kepler’s third law

Answer 17

Square of the orbital period (T) is directly proportional to the cub of the radius : T^2 ∝ r^3

Question 18

Total energy of orbiting satellite

Answer 18

Made up of kinetic and potential energy and is constant