Field Crops and Cereal Flashcards
When plants of the same variety are cultivated on a large scale, they are called what perd?
CROPS
- between month of June and July
- between month of September and October
- Paddy (main)
Kharif Crops
- between month of October and November
- between month of March and April
- Wheat (main)
Rabi Crops
Importance of Field Crops?
- Food for man
- Feed for animals
- Industrial uses
- Medicinal uses
Identifying Field Crops?
- Cereals (rice, corn)
- Legumes (peanut, mungbean, cowpea)
- Root Crops (sweet potato, cassava, gabi)
- Others (e.g tobacco & cotton)
To ensure the optimal productivity in the field, we should do?
- Crop Selection
- Land Production
- Seed Selection
- Sowing of seeds
- Irrigation
- Growth
- Harvesting
PROBLEMS ENCOUNTERED?
- Improper seed selection
- Lack of appropriate technology in cultural and management practices
- Agricultural Marketing
- Lack of transport
- Lack of capital
- Lack of high-quality seed
Environmental Factors affecting Field Crops?
- Climate
- Soil Factors
- Biotic Factors (ex: mga peste)
- Describes any cultivated grass that produces an edible grain.
- are the world’s largest crops, and are therefore staple foods.
CEREAL
Mainly grown in Asia
More grown in Australia due to increase demand
RICE
What type of rice: unprocessed (whole grain)bran, germ and endosperm
Brown rice
What type of rice: Rice is gluten free so suitable for people with coeliac disease.
White or polished rice
Main products from corn?
Corn flour (fine flour used for thickening agents in sauces)
Sweet corn
Popcorn (dried wholegrain)
Cornflakes (kernels are baked and rolled)
Ground corn (tortillas, corn chips)
- Grows on every continent except Antarctica.
- Comes from Mexico
- The world record for this plantheight is over 48 feet.
Corn/Maize
used forflour, __ bread, __ beer, and crispbread.
RYE
- Grown throughout the world
- Most popular cereals produced
- usually ground into flour (main ingredient of bread, pasta, noodles, cakes)
WHEAT
- are used for human consumption asoatmeal, including assteel cut oatsorrolled oats.
- Majority of ____ produces in Australia used for stock feeds
OATS
- grown intemperate climatesglobally.
- prefers relatively low temperatures and well-drained soil to grow.
BARLEY
Problems encountered in Cereal Production:
Each plant species has a suitable temperature range.
Temperatures ranging from 60° to 85°F are optimum for plant growth and development
Temperature
Problems encountered in Cereal Production: It isthe dissolved salt content of a body of water.
If the level of salts in the soil water is too high, water may flow from the plant roots back into the soil.
Salinity
Problems encountered in Cereal Production: Excessive ____ can lead to flooding, which can wash away soil nutrients and damage crops.
Inadequate _____ can also be harmful to crop health.
Rainfall
Problems encountered in Cereal Production:
- Too much soil _____ means farmers cannot easily manage their crops.
- Too humid, it maypromote the growth of mold and bacteria that cause plants to die and crops to fail, as well as conditions like root or crown rot.
Moisture
Problems encountered in Cereal Production:
Interfere with the growth and cause damage to cultivated and naturally growing plants.
Pest
Problems encountered in Cereal Production:
- It isany harmful condition that affects a plant’s appearance or function.
- Common pathogens that cause diseases include: fungi, bacteria, and viruses.
Disease
Reasons of Field Crops Production
To get acquainted with crops;
Understand the requirement of soil and water;
Know the growing habit;
Actual condition requirement for cultivation.
