Fibres + Fabrics Flashcards
Desirable properties of cotton
Absorbent
Cool
Easy to was and dry
UnDesirable properties of cotton
Creases
Shrinks
Not stretchy
Cotton fabrics
Towelling
Cotton
denim
Production stages of linen
Grows from faux plant 1m high Stems pulled by their roots Left to soak and rot (retting) Fibres are separated from woody bits Combed and spun Long fibres= fine yarn. Short fibres = course yarn
Desirable properties of linen
Absorbent
Hard wearing
Easy to wash
UnDesirable properties of linen
Creases
Shrinks
Difficult to dye
Linen fabrics
Cambric
Canvas
Damash
Production stages of wool
Fleece is removed from sheep
Wool is graded
Cleaned and combed ( carding)
SPun
Desirable properties of wool
Warm
Soft
Stretchy
UnDesirable properties of wool
Shrinks if washed carelessly
Doesn’t dry easily
Itchy
Production stages of silk
Comes from silkworm SW lay eggs and feed on mulberry tree Spins silk cocoons Cocoons are heated and fibres are removed Thread is wound on to a real Spun
Desirable properties of silk
Lightweight
Warm
Crease resistant
Smooth
UnDesirable properties of silk
Damaged easily
Flammable
Damaged by moths
Silk fabrics
Wild silk chiffon
Stages of production of cotton
Comes from cotton plant(boll) Fibres are 2-3cm long Bolls are picked Fibres are separated from the seeds (ginning) Pressed into bales Cotton is graded Fibres are combed and spun
What are regenerated fibres made of
That contain cellulose because they come from plants
Production of regenerated fibres
Cellulose from trees +cotton waste is pulped and mixed with chemicals
Liquid is forced through tiny holes in a spinneret
Yarn is twisted and cut
Desirable properties of regenerated fabrics
Absorbant
Easy to dye
Cool
UnDesirable properties of regenerated fabrics
Crease easy
Not durable
Regenerated fabrics
Viscose (uses:light weight cloth)
Production of synthetic fibres
Chemicals from petroleum are mixed to produce thick liquid
Forced through the holes of the spinneret
Long fibres are twisted together to make yarn
Desirable properties of synthetic fabrics
Strong
Elastic
Durable
UnDesirable properties of synthetic fabrics
Not absorbent
Clingy
Static
Synthetic fabrics
Nylon
Polyester
Acrylic
What is weaving
The interlacing of yarns at a right angle
Warp
Stronger thread that run in the direction of the length of fabric
Weft
Weaker thread that runs in the direction of the width of fabric
Selvage
Side of the woven fabric that stops fraying
Straight grain
The direction of the warp thread through the fabric
Bias
Is the diagonal line of fabric
Stretches along this line
What is knitting
The linking together of loops of yarn in stitches
Advantages of knitting
Stretchy
Warm
Comforable
What is a non woven fabric
Are made directly from fibres without being made into yarn
