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Conservation and Display > Fibers > Flashcards

Fibers Flashcards

1
Q

What are the two types of Textile Fibers?

A

Natural and Manufactured

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2
Q

What are the 4 types of natural fibers?

A

Cellulose, Rubber, Mineral Asbestos and Proteins

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3
Q

What are cellulose fibers?

A

high density, heavy, wrinkles easily which can cause fractures, absorbs moisture so susceptible to mold in high humidity.

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4
Q

What are the 3 types of cellulose fibers?

A

Seed, Bast and Leaf/other
 Seed Fibers- fiber must be separated from seed. Cotton
 Bast Fibers- fiber is in the stem of the plant. Flax, linen, jute, etc. Flax is stronger than cotton, more lustrous
 Leaf and other

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5
Q

What are proteins?

A

weaker than cellulose. Composed of amino acids.

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6
Q

What are the two types of proteins?

A

Animal Hair and Extruded

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7
Q

What are some examples of animal hair?

A

wool, cashmere, mohair.
* Wool- insulating qualities due to crimp and bends of fiber structure.

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8
Q

What is an extruded fiber?

A

Silk. Fiber is weak when metallic salts are added as mordant. Has high luster/shine from smooth fiber surface. Absorbent, has high strength when first created but degrades with acids and sunlight.

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9
Q

Are natural fibers hydrophobic or hydrophillic

A

Hydrophillic

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10
Q

Are synthetics hydrophobic or hydrophillic?

A

hydrophobic

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11
Q

What are the 3 types of manufactured fibers?

A

Regenerated, Inorganic and synthetic

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12
Q

What are regenerated fibers?

A

natural materials regenerated and reformed into fibers by chemical treatment/processing.

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13
Q

Examples of regenerated fibers are?

A

 Cellulose- cellulose that has chemicals added to it, tends to be very absorbent but have other issues. Viscose, Rayon (“artificial silk”), Acetate
 Protein- Casein, Azlon

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14
Q

What are examples of inorganic fibers?

A

Glass, Ceramic Metallic

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15
Q

What are synthetic fibers?

A

Manmade fibers that are synthesized completely from non-cellulosic substances or chemical substances. Hydrophobic.

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16
Q

What are 3 synthetic fibers

A

Nylon, Polyester, Spandex

17
Q

What are attributes about Nylon

A

weakens with sunlight. Lightweight. Hydrophobic (won’t absorb water). Thermoplastic(can be heat set)

18
Q

What are attributes about Polyester

A

medium weight. Good strength and elasticity, abrasion resistant. Hydrophobic (wont absorb water). Causes static and pilling problems.

19
Q

What are attributes about Spandex

A

has great elasticity in room temperature. Yellows with chlorine bleach and air.

Conservation and Display (7 decks)

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