Fiber optics

Question 1

Light-emitting diode
(LED)

Answer 1

A light-emitting diode is a two-lead semiconductor light source that emits visible light when an electric current passes through it.

Question 2

Wavelength division multiplexing
(WDM)

Answer 2

WDM joins several light wavelengths (colors) onto a single strand of fiber by using different wavelengths of laser light.

Question 3

Single-mode

Answer 3

Characteristics of single-mode cables include:
Data transfers through the core using a single light path.
The core diameter is approximately 8 - 10.5 microns.
Cable lengths can extend a great distance.
There is less modal dispersion, so bandwidths can be higher.
Higher-cost electronics are required to send signals down a single path.
It is optimized for 1310 nanometer (nm) and 1550 nm light sources.

Question 4

Multi-mode

Answer 4

Characteristics of multi-mode cables include:
Data transfers through the core using multiple light paths.
The core diameter is approximately 50 to 100 microns.
There is more modal dispersion due to the multiple paths.
Cable lengths are limited in distance and are dependent on bandwidth.
Higher light gathering capacity simplifies connections and allows lower-cost electronics.
It is optimized for 850 nm and 1300 nm light sources.

Question 5

ST connector

Answer 5

The ST connector:
Is used with single-mode and multi-mode cabling.
Has a keyed bayonet-type connector.
Is also called a push-in and twist connector.
Has a separate connector for each wire.
Is nickel plated with a ceramic ferrule to ensure proper core alignment and prevent light ray deflection.
Gets its mnemonics from set-and-twist or straight tip.

Question 6

SC connector

Answer 6

The SC connector:
Is used with single-mode and multi-mode cabling.
Has a push-on/pull-off connector that uses a locking tab to maintain connection.
Has a separate connector for each wire.
Uses a ceramic ferrule to ensure proper core alignment and prevent light ray deflection.
Gets its mnemonics from set-and-click or square connector.

Question 7

LC connector

Answer 7

The LC connector:
Is used with single-mode and multi-mode cabling.
Is composed of a plastic connector with a locking tab that is similar to a RJ45 connector.
Has a single connector with two ends to keep the two cables in place.
Uses a ceramic ferrule to ensure proper core alignment and to prevent light ray deflection.
Is half the size of other fiber optic connectors.
Gets its mnemonics from lift-and-click or little connector.

Question 8

MTRJ connector

Answer 8

The MTRJ connector:
Is used with single-mode and multi-mode cabling.
Is composed of a plastic connector with a locking tab.
Uses metal guide pins to ensure that it is properly aligned.
Has a single connector with one end that holds both cables.
Uses a ceramic ferrule to ensure proper core alignment and prevent light ray deflection.
Gets its mnemonics from mechanical transfer registered jack.

Question 9

FC connector

Answer 9

The FC connector:
Is typically used with single-mode cabling.
Has a separate connector for each wire.
Uses a threaded connector.
Is designed to stay securely connected in environments where it may experience physical shock or intense vibration.
Gets its mnemonics from ferrule connector or fiber channel.