FH Ch. 2 Flashcards
Pathé Frères
One of two main firms in France. Vertically integrated, meaning it controlled the production, distribution, and exhibition of a film.
Gaumont
The other major French firm and Pathé’s rival. Took on Alice Guy and other filmmakers.
Alice Guy
The first female filmmaker in early French cinema. Made films for Gaumont.
Film d’Art
A small firm aimed at elite tastes.
Film Exchanges
Exhibitors would buy or rent prints from producers since the nickelodeons required many movies.
MPPC
The Motion Picture Patents Company (1908). Edison and AM&B had a chaotic rivalry based on patent claims, but decided to cooperate with each other by creating a separate company that could control competitors by licensing the key existing patents. Allowed some firms into MPPC and shut out others. Created an oligopoly of the US film market. Eventually lost power when the American government ruled that they were a trust in 1915.
The Independents
The portion of the film industry made up of unlicensed producers, distributers, and exhibitors under the MPPC. After the fall of the MPPC, some members of the independents began to create the new oligopoly that would form the Hollywood film industry.
National Board of Censorship/National Board of Review
The National Board of Review (later became the National Board of Censorship) was a private body formed to improve the movies in the face of criticism about their content and prevent the federal government from passing a censorship law. A form of voluntary self-censorship.
Type of Intertitles
Expository titles: Written in third person, summarizing or providing context for upcoming action.
Dialogue titles: Dialogue, inserted right after a character begins speaking.
Type of Intertitles
Expository titles: Written in third person, summarizing or providing context for upcoming action.
Dialogue titles: Dialogue, inserted right after a character begins speaking.
Types of Editing
Intercutting: Cutting back and forth between two scenes happening simultaneously.
Analytical Editing: Breaking down a single space into separate framings (ex: long shot, then cutting closer to the action).
Contiguity Editing: Characters move out of the space of a shot and reappear in a nearby or adjacent location.
Tinting and Toning
Tinting: Dipping a developed print into a dye bath in order to saturate the lighter portions of the image.
Toning: Like tinting, but the bath saturates the dark areas.
The Chase Film
A film in which the plot focuses on a chase. Generally employs a lot of contiguity editing.
