FG Size UP Flashcards
1
Q
Stell gains strength up to _____ F. Steel Expands at a rate of ____ per 100 feet at 1100 Degrees.
A
600
9 1/2
2
Q
Class III construction Height ranges and Averages
A
1 to 7
with 2 to 4 being the most common
3
Q
Class IV Building Height Average
A
6 or 7 Stories
4
Q
Class IV Lumber Dimensions
1. Columns
2. Floors and Roof Girders
3. Floor Planks
4. Roof Trusses
A
- 8” x 8”
- 6” x 10”
- 3” x 12”
- 4” x 6”
5
Q
Collapse Zones according to this book
A
2 times the building height
6
Q
Unprotected Steel can fail in after how long from fire exposure?
A
5 to 10 minutes
7
Q
5 areas in order, of greatest concern in a Structure Fire
A
- Fire Floor
- Floor Above the Fire Floor
- Top Floor
- Floors in between
- Floors below the fire floor
8
Q
___% to ___% of building occupants trapped in residential buildings are located in bedrooms and hallways near the building’s interior stairway.
A
70 to 75
9
Q
Occupants are ___ times more likely to die from smoke inhalation than the actual heat of the fire.
A
Three
10
Q
NFPA Fire Flow Formulas in this Text
A
10 gpm for 100 sq feet Light Fire Loads
20 gpm for 100 sq feet Ordinary Fire Loads
30 to 50 gpm for 100 sq feet High Fire Loads
11
Q
Rate of rise heat detectors activate at what rise?
A
15 Degrees Fahrenheit
12
Q
The most influential Size Up Factor
A
Location and Extent of Fire
13
Q
4 Types of Fire Areas
A
- Below Grade Fires
- Lower-Level Fires
- Top Floor Fires
- Upper-Level Fires
14
Q
___% to ___% of civilian deaths occur in Private Dwellings
A
70 to 75
15
Q
___% to ___% of new construction contains lightweight structural materials.
A
70 to 75
16
Q
Prefab Homes can have void spaces as long as they do not exceed what size?
A
1000 sq Feet
17
Q
Glue loses its adhesive properties at what temperature?
A
485 Degrees Fahrenheit
18
Q
Under well-ventilated conditions, wooden I beams can fail in as little as ___ Minutes.
A
6 Minutes
19
Q
Collyer Mansion Syndrome Year and amount of garbage
A
1947
130 Tons
19
Q
Medium Hose Line Sizes and GPM
A
1 3/4” to 2”
175 to 200 gpm
20
Q
Flashover Recognition
A
- Rollover
- A rapid Buildup of Heat
- Heavy Smoke under Pressure Exiting an Opening
- Modern vs Legacy Homes (Quicker in tighter houses with synthetics)
21
Q
Back Draft Recognition
A
- Dense, Black smoke turning a gray, yellowish color
- Little or no visible flame
- Smoke puffing around doors and windows
- Rapid movement of air inward once an opening is made
22
Q
Minimum Fire Flow for a Private Dwelling
A
500 to 600 gpm
23
Q
NISt tested 3 Siding Types (Vinyl, T1-11, Aluminum) Vinyl was the most server. Vinyl allowed upward fire spread ___ seconds after ignition, and then ___ more seconds flames were in the attic space.
A
90 seconds
50 seconds
24
Use a roof ladder when the pitch of a roof is over what?
20 degrees
25
Yankee Gutter width range
6" to 12"
26
Hollywood Front Dimensions
8' to 10' in height
6' to 8' in depth
27
Row Frames Dimensions and Heights
2 to 4 stories (Possibly 2 to 5 Stories {Page 138})
20' to 30' in width
40' to 60' in depth
3-4 attached all the way to 20-25 attached.
28
Brick nogging in row frames is what?
Process of filling stud spaces with brick and mortar (Party walls or Division Walls)
29
Tenon Tongues in wood can be what size of the original dimension
1/4
30
Brownstones Dimensions and Height
2 to 4 stories (Possibly 2 to 5 Stories {Page 138})
20' to 25' in width
40' to 60' in depth
31
The first due engine should be placed where (Row Frames and Brownstones)
At least 2 buildings past the Fire Building
(Only increases Hose Stretch by 50')
32
Most ____________ Buildings will lack a secondary means of egress from the upper floors.
Brownstones
33
Railroad car room layout design can be found in which occupancies?
Row Frames and Brownstones
34
Row Frames and Brownstones, Expect light and air shafts when buildings exceed ___ in depth
40 feet
35
Rowframe cockloft sizes
18" to 6'
36
Dormered Brownstones can extend the height to?
Four or Five Stories
(Decorative windows in a raised cornice are the first signs of a dormered apartment)
37
A _________ is a combustible building that is capable of producing and concealing a large amount of fire.
Row Frame
38
Occupancies Chapters of Fire Ground Size Up
1. Private Occupancies
2. Multiple Dwellings
3. Row Frames and BrownStones
4. Taxpayers, Strip Malls, and Stores
5. Garden Apartments and Townhouses
6. Churches
7. Factories, Lofts, and Warehouses
8. High Rises
9. High Rises Under Construction
10. Vacant Buildings
39
Scuttle location in Row Frames and Brownstones
Row Frames : Top of the interior stairwell
Brown Stones : in a closet
40
Church roof peaks and steeple height
Roof peaks 60' or higher (6 to 8 stories)
Steeples 150' or higher (15 Stories)
41
Trusses used to support church roof peaks
Triangle and Scissor Type trusses
42
Church cockloft size
12' to 18'
43
Void spaces in walls are typically what size? Churches
16" to 20"
44
Organ loft depth into atrium
30'
45
Hose line size for Church Fires
2" or 2 1/2"
46
3 Reasons fires in Old Churches cannot always be controlled...
1. Inability to ventilate the roof
2. Inability to quickly open concealed spaces and voids
3. Inability to apply water directly onto the fire
47
Church bells weight
500 lbs
48
Where do most fires start in churches?
Basements and Heating Rooms
49
Cathedral Ceiling Heights in Churches are at least how high?
50 Feet
50
The radiant heat from a church will cause structures within ____ feet to become early exposure threats.
50 feet
51
Consider Brand Control with this occupancy.
Churches
52
State and Federal Officials require special notification for fires in where?
Churches
Because of Arsons in the 1990s and 2000's
53
Most church fires occur during hours the church is ________
unoccupied
53
Incendiary causes of fires in churches
1. Defective Furnaces
2. Inferior Electrical Services
3. Poor Housekeeping
4. Carelessness
5. Ago of utilities and components
54
Collapse zone for church steeples
Its full height in all directions
55
Taxpayers is a term originated when?
1920's
56
Taxpayer Cockloft Dimensions
6" to 4'
57
2 types of roofs in Taxpayers
Built up roof
Inverted or raised roof (Flat roof)
58
3 Roofs in Strip Malls and Stores
Thermoset Roof
Thermoplastic Roof
Modified Bitumen Roof
59
Thermoset Roof
The thermoset roof is made from rubber polymers. The edges of the roof material are overlapped and sealed with an adhesive liquid at its seams. It generally looks like a giant bicycle inner tire that has been stretched and stapled to the roof deck.
60
Thermoplastic Roof
The thermoplastic membrane roof is made from plastic polymer, including polyvinyl chloride. The seams of this type of roofing material are generally sealed with a torch and melted down. The roofs have been the subject of an increased number of fires due to their method of application.
61
Modified Bitumen Roof
Uses a number of new and old materials associated with roofing. From asphalt and fiberglass additives to polymers of plastic and rubber, this type of roof deck may give the initial appearance of a classic built-up roof deck mopped tar and asphalt paper.
62
Paint supply and home decorating centers
1. Flammable and combustible containers of paints, varnishes, and thinners
2. Varied amounts of building and roofing materials
3. Significant Fire Loads
63
Clothing, Rug, and Carpet Stores
1. Hydrogen Cyanide gas from the building's contents
63
Supermarket's, meat markets, and butcher shops
1. Phosgene gas from refrigerants
2. corrosive and caustic materials
3. Projectile and boiling liquid expanding vapor explosion (BLEVE) concerns from pressurized containers
64
Drug Stores
1. Hydrogen chloride gas from the presence of plastics
2. Flammable and combustible materials
3. Unpredictable Chemical Reactions when chemicals are mixed together or with water.
4. Pressurized Oxygen Cylinders
65
Pizzerias, bakeries, and fast food establishments
1. Explosive potential and or rapid-fire development from gas leaks from burned or ruptured gas lines
66
Toy Stores and General Merchandise
1. Hydrogen Chloride gas from plastic contents
67
Office Supply Stores
1. Nitrogen Cyanide from content involvement
68
Pool and Spa Supply Stores
1. Oxidizing Agents can release chlorine gas when involved in fire or mixed with water
69
Dry Cleaners
1. Highly Toxic and Flammable cleaning solvents and powders
70
Hardware Stores
1. You need to expect anything and everything. This type of occupancy will not only present rapid and often overwhelming fire growth, the vast amount of combustibles and flammable contents can and will explode.
71
Taxpayers and strip mall hoseline and nozzle selection
2 1/2 with 1 or 1 1/4 smoothbore tip
72
According to NFPA, Firefighters are ____ times more likely to die in a commercial building fire than a residential fire
4
73
What is the most common cause of injury or death to a firefighter in a commercial building fire?
Disorientation
74
Garden Apartment definition and height information
1. A grouping of apartments within a building that can range in height from 2 to 4 stories of varying types of construction
2. 2 to 4 apartments per floor
75
Townhouses Height (Modern Day Row Houses)
2 to 3 stories
76
Townhouse roof construction
PowerLam or MicroLam
77
Roof Turbines in Townhouses and Garden Apartments, What should be done with these?
Removed if they are outside the immediate fire area. They Create a negative pressure and pull fire towards them.
78
Author of Building Construction for the Fire Service
Frank Brannigan
79
"A timber truss building with a ceiling is more dangerous than one without" - Author?
Deputy Chief Vincent Dunn FDNY
80
A basement apartment in a garden apartment complex is sometimes referred to as a _________ apartment.
Terrace
81
Fire flows for Garden apartments and Townhouses
180 gpm to 200 gpm, Storage room fires may involve a larger hoseline
82
The weather concern that stands out the most for garden apartments and town houses is?
Precipitaion (This Accessibility)
83
Most important occupancy to check all 6 sides of the fire
Garden Apartments Bathroom or kitchen Fire
84
It was once believed that ___ feet of masonry block was enough to stop autoexposure
5 Feet this is not the case anymore with the types of fuels and fires found today
85
Townhouses have had a significant number of fires related to the ______
Fireplace Flue
86
2 Types of High-Rise Construction
Steel Skeleton (Commercial Office Space, Think Twin Towers)
Cast in Place (Residential)
87
Steel Skeleton Highrise Floor Decking will be Q Decking with concrete ___ inches thick (Composite Floor System)
6 inches
88
Concrete Froms must hold Curing Concrete in place for how long?
48 Hours
89
High Rises under Construction should be visited how often?
Twice a Week
90
Standpipe pumping According to this author in High Rises
100 psi and 5 psi per floor
91
A common violation found on construction sites is what?
The FDC does not extend through the fencing to the street
92
An average wooden formwork will support loads in excess of _____
175 lb/ft squared
93
Standpipes shall be extended to ___ floors below the newly erected floor in a high-rise building.
2 Floors
94
Temporary Fire Pumps must be added when the building reaches how many stories?
10 Stories
95
Fire Department Gang boxes shall contain the following
(Does not eliminate the need for members to bring their own equipment)
1. 3 75' Lengths of 2 1/2 hoseline
2. 1 2 1/2 smoothbore nozzle
3. 200' utility rope
4. 2 1/2 gated wye
5. Flathead Axe and Halligan Bar
6. 6' Stepladder
96
Constuction elevators can withstand loads of
6,000 to 8,000 lbs
97
Construction Elevators shall be taken to where? (Fall Down Embers)
no less than 5 stories below the lowest story containing smoke
98
Vacant Building Marking Systems must be inspected how often?
Monthly
99
Elevated Streams can deliver how much water per minute?
5 to 6 tons per minute
100
Tenements Dimensions and Definition
Class 3 or Class 5
Class 5 - 2 to 4 Stories
Class 3 - 4 to 6 Stories
20 to 40 Wide
40 to 90 Deep
2 to 4 apartments per floor (Buildings in excess of 60 deep will have 4 apartments)
Newer Tenements can have 6 Check locations of Fire Escapes
101
NonFire Proof Apartment Building Shapes and Heights
H, U, O, T , C, E and Double E
(12 to 14 Apartments Per Floor)
5 to 7 Stories
102
Cockloft Sizes in NFP apartments
3 feet to 4 feet substantial fire load
103
Low Rise Apartment Height
High Rise Apartment Height
2 to 6 Stories
12 to 14 Stories
(12 to 16 apartments per floor)
104
High Rise apartment Buildings may have the following
Compactors
Incinerators
Scissor Stairs
Odd Even Elevators
105
The main Strategic Factor when responding to a fire in a dwelling unit is
Occupant Life Hazard
106
Antenna Dimensions and Clearance
1 foot x 4 feet
10 feet to 15 feet
106
a 2" hoseline at 50 psi will flow
200 GPM
107
Tenement GPM Requirements
180 to 200
108
StandPipe Tool Bag Contents
Globe Valves, Threaded Adapters, Wire Brushes, In line Pressure Gauges, Hose Straps, Nozzles, Wooden Door Wedges
109
In Multiple dwellings The Building Superintendent can help with...
Occupant and Owner Information, The resetting of an alarm, notification to a fire alarm or sprinkler contractor, or the request for compliance with a code violation
110
In Multiple dwellings The Housing Monitor can help with...
Assist with building or room accessibility, alarm notification, alarm activation, and Eventual Resetting of the Alarm
111
In Multiple dwellings The City's Housing Authority can help with...
Building Maintenance, Elevator Maintenance, And Any other requests for Repair or Service
112
H Type Stair Types
Wing
Isolated
Transverse (Best)
113
Window Ballast Weight Information Weight, Diameter, and Length
Length 10 to 12 inches
Diameter 2 to 3 inches
Weight 5 lbs
114
Multiple Dwellings, If the building is in excess of ___ feet expect Light and Air Shafts
60 Feet
114
Trench Cut information
At Least 25 feet from the Primary Vent Hole
3 to 4 feet wide
Precut every 4 feet
115
Cockloft and Cellar Fire Present 3 Specific Areas of Concern
1. Difficulty Opening up the space and accessing
2. Fuel Loads
3. The speed at which we can get water onto and ahead of the fire
116
Rookeries are
Grouping or rambling of buildings in a congested setting" A building behind another building
116
Factory Information
10 Stories or 1 Large Story
116
Fire between these hours are the most difficult
12am and 7am
117
Loft Information
5 - 6 or more stories
Number of tenants and manufacturers in the same building
50 to 100 wide
100 to 200 long
117
Warehouse Information
4 to 5 stories
Could Encompass and entire City Block
118
Gypsum Roofs (Calcium Sulfate Dihydrate)
Page 211
4 to 6 inches thick
or 2 to 5 inches thick
119
Cast Iron Pros and Cons
Good Compressive Strength
Poor Tensile Strength
Limited Ductility (Cannot Achieve Total Plasticity or Expansion)
120
Lightweight Steel Bar Joist Roof Systems are know to fail in as little as
5 to 10 minutes
Spaced 6 to 8 feet apart
121
Hoseline Selections Warehouses, Lofts, Factories
2 1/2 225 to 250 gpm from at least 50 feet away
122
When Winds reach speed of ____ Conflagrations will be a real concer
25 to 30 mph
123
High Ceiling Occupancy
40 feet or higher
124
Buildings within ___ feet of a large warehouse, loft, or factory fire are threatened
100 feet
125
Water is only ___% effective when used as a water curtain
25
126
Who designed the High Rise Nozzle
Paul Grail
