Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Paediatrics > Fever > Flashcards

Fever Flashcards

1
Q

What is the highest risk age group for infection?

A

Under 3 months old

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

How long does it take for the body’s immune system to develop?

A

2 years. Hence, children under 2 years old are most susceptible to serious bacterial infection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the investigations done in children presenting with acute fever?

A

FBC - Leucocytosis will suggest bacterial infection

Throat swab - Group A Streptococcus infection in tonsillitis

Blood Culture - If positive, can suggest septicaemia. Treatment (Ceftriaxone) have to begin before results are shown

Urine analysis - TRO UTI. Pure growth of a single organism with significant leucocytosis is suggestive of bacterial infection. Protein and red cells may be present.

CXR - May reveal cause of fever in infants as chest signs are not always apparant

Lumbar puncture - TRO Meningitis and Encephalitis. Should be performed in seriously ill children where no infection is found, especially in infants <1 year old

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Which medication cannot be given to children below 12 years? Why?

A

Aspirin.

Aspirin can cause severe liver failure such as Reye’s syndrome.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

White exudate on the tonsils can be suggestive of which condition?

A

Tonsillitis
Glandular Fever, aka Infectious mononucleosis
Diphtheria (rare)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the commonest causes of acute otitis media?

A

Streptococcus Pneumoniae
Haemophilus infleunza
viruses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Which virus is the cause of Infectious Mononucleosis?

A

Epstein Barr Virus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

How much fluids are given to children suspected of septic shock?

A

20 - 40mL per KG

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Fever progressing for how many days will be worrying?

A

Fever progressing more than 5 days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What should be done if the child appears drowsy?

Why?

A

A blood glucose test: BM stix to check the blood glucose level.
Hypoglycaemia can occur in sepsis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What medication is contraindicated if infected with EBV? Why?

A

Amoxicillin. AMoxicillin will lead to a maculopapular rash in EBV infection.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What condition is caused by EBV?

A

Glandular fever/Infectious Mononucleosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are the complications of otitis media?

A

Secretory otitis media - Glue ear
Conductive deafness
Mastoiditis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the most common causes of acute otitis media?

A

Streptococcus pneumoniae
Haemophilus Influenza
Viruses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the indications for lumbar puncture?

A

If meningitis is suspected or if the child is under 1 year old

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the signs of dehydration?

A 
Prolonged capillary refill time
Abnormal skin turgor
Abnormal respiratory pattern
Weak pulse
Cool extremities
17
Q

What is the respiratory rate in tachypnoeic children:

a) <5months old
b) 6 - 12 months old
c) >12 months old

A

a) >60 breaths/min
b) >50 breaths/min
c) >40 breaths/min

18
Q

What are the signs of urinary tract infection in children?

A 
Vomiting
Poor feeding
Lethargy
Irritability
Changes in urinary frequency
Abdominal pain and tenderness
Fever
19
Q

What are the signs of pneumonia?

A 
Tachypnoea
Subcostal recession, etc
Fever
Nasal flaring
Crackles in chest
Cyanosis
Oxygen saturations <95%
20
Q

What are the signs and symptoms in Kawasaki’s disease?

A

Fever persisting for more than 5 days
Any 4 of the following:
- Polymorphous exanthem initially, which may progress to be desquamations.
- Strawberry tongue or red, fissuring lips
- Conjunctivitis (non-purulent, bilateral)
- Cervical lymphadenopathy
- Extremity changes: Swollen fingers or toes, Erythema of palms and soles of feet, Desquamation of fingertips or toes in later stages after rash fades

21
Q

What anti-viral medication is given to children suspected of infleunza infection?

A

Oseltamivir (Tamiflu)

Zanamivir (Relenza)

22
Q

How is the weight of a child calculated in terms of the age?

A

Weight = (age+4)x2

Paediatrics (24 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions