Feudalism and more Flashcards
feudalism
a political and economic system which focuses on personal loyalties and holding of land
fief
plot of land or what is given to peasants, vassals by lord
loyalties of lord/king
fief, protection, and to hear complaints in an open court
loyalties of vassal
to do homage, fealty, military service, give counsel, and make payments of food
land inheritance
hereditary: passed down to oldest son
shield tax
scutage; buy your way out of military service
investiture
ceremony that feudal contract is cased on where vassal pledges loyalty and king gives symbol
peace of god
no feudal warfare on Church property, fugitives can receive sanctuary, protection
truce of God
no fighting on certain days and holidays
knight
mounted warrior
tournament
mock battle
castles
medieval stronghold owned by lords and nobles
noblewomens role
lady of manor, while husband away took over duties
chivalry
a code of conduct which combined Christian values with virtues of a warrior
troubadours
wandering poets
knight training
age 7- page, began learning basics and armor care
age 14- squire, learned how to use weapons and observed the lord in war
age 21- dubbed knight, ceremony
characteristics of a knight
courageous, strong, loyal, well mannered, honorable, respectful, chivalrous
advantages of feudalism
sets limits to power, protects people, revives idea of law and order
disadvantages
prejudiced against certain people, stuck where you are, nobles sometimes ignored obligations, lots of wars, division of land
chainmail
armor
mace
club with spikes
scabbard
sheath of a sword
hilt
handle of a sword
joust
part of a tournament
sword
one of knight’s most prized possessions
manor
lords estate
serfs
farmers bound to the land
where did the normans invade in 1066
england
king killed at battle of hastings
Herald
king william’s title
William the conquerer
surrounded ring forts
sharp stones
great grandson of william the conquerer
King henry 2
defense mechanisms of castle
murder holes, arrow slits, moat, surrounding walls
siege
a method of defeating a castle where the purpose is to wait it out
dangers of siege for attackers
disease, restlessness, mercenaries
keep/donjon
tower as last resort where king/ lord and queen would go in case of attack
inner bailey
inner wall and courtyard surrounding
outer bailey
outer wall and courtyard surrounding castle
portcullis
heavy sliding gate that lowers
attackers strategies
siege, ask for surrender, catapults/trebouchers, scale walls, cut off water supply
carcassone
castle with lots of walls within each other; concentric ring defense system
Eleanor birth year
1122
eleanor death year
1204
Eleanor important facts
married twice, had court famous for vassals courtly love toward her, used courtly love to win loyalty, queen of france and then england
4 components of courtly love
- love is illegitimate or seemingly impossible
- man is submissive to the lady
- man must work hard and earn her love
- there are rules that have to be mastered
