Feudalism and Manor system Flashcards
What marked the end of a strong, central government in Western Europe?
Charlemagne’s death
What series of events destroyed the Carolingian empire?
A series of invasions
Name three major invading groups that contributed to the destruction of the Carolingian empire.
- Vikings
- Magyars
- Muslims
Who were the Vikings?
Seafaring people from Scandinavia
What did Vikings use for travel?
Long boats
What significant area did the Vikings reach?
Newfoundland
What did the Vikings do to monasteries?
Plundered them
Who were the Magyars?
Early Hungarian people
What role did the Magyars initially serve in the Byzantine Empire?
Mercenaries
What religion did the Magyars convert to?
Christianity
By the 900s, where had the Magyars reached?
Gaul and southern Italy
What happened to the Magyars after they invaded and pillaged like Vikings?
Defeated by Saxons & forced into central Europe
What was the Umayyad Caliphate’s role in the Iberian Peninsula?
Defeated the Visigoths & conquered it
What was Al-Andalus?
Area ruled by the Moors between 711 and 1492
Which city became a center of education and learning during the Moorish rule?
Córdoba
What groups invaded England after the fall of Rome?
- Angles
- Saxons
- Jutes
What is the significance of the term ‘Anglo-Saxon’?
It comes from the Angles and Saxons who invaded England
What was a key result of the invasions on people’s trust in rulers?
People no longer trust that a king can protect them from invaders
What system emerged as nobles exchanged land for loyalty and military aid?
Feudalism
What is a vassal?
A low-ranking lord who receives land for loyalty
What are estates given to vassals known as?
Fiefs
What formalized system did feudalism become?
A legal system
Who are the monarchs in the feudal system?
Kings & queens who own the land
What role do lords play in the feudal system?
Vassals of the monarch
What is the role of a knight in the feudal system?
Receives honor and land for serving lord as a soldier
What is a serf?
A peasant farmer
What is the Manor System?
An economic system within feudalism
What is a manor?
An estate with farms, houses, a village, etc.
What does the lord collect from serfs in the Manor System?
Taxes
What is the relationship between serfs and the manor?
Serfs are tied to the manor
What do serfs receive to farm after working the lord’s fields?
Small strips of land
