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Sose > Feudal Japan Glossary > Flashcards

Feudal Japan Glossary Flashcards

1
Q

Catapults

A

Gunpowder filled projectiles were fired from them used by Mongols to attack Japan

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2
Q

Jitō

A

Stewards responsible for maintaining order in each shoen

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3
Q

Fuji

A

Largest mountain in Japan

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4
Q

Divine right

A

To rule on behalf of heaven

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5
Q

Ainu

A

A group of people living in Japan as indigenous people easily identifiable by their beards

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6
Q

Hokkaido

A

Japan’s northern most island

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7
Q

Shinto

A

An important religion followed in feudal Japan

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8
Q

Clan

A

A group or family of people, sharing the same beliefs and culture

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9
Q

Heinz

A

The period of Japanese history that lasted from 794-1185CE

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10
Q

Bushido

A

The code samurai’s had to follow

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11
Q

Kyushu island

A

Island that features hakata bay, scene of the Mongol invasion

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12
Q

Nihon stoki

A

The chronicles of Japan that details much of the county’s history

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13
Q

Kyoto

A

Place where emperors ruled from before the kamakura bakufu

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14
Q

Shogun

A

The title given to the first leader of Japan during medieval times

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15
Q

Jimma temno

A

The first human emperor of Japan

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16
Q

Daimyo

A

A feudal leader in shogunal Japan

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17
Q

When was the first Mongol invasion?

A

1274

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18
Q

When was the start of the shogun rule on Japan?

A

1185

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19
Q

What was the Meiji restoration?

A

After the removal of the closed country policy, the Tokugawa bakufu fell, edging shogunate Japan and restoring the reign of emperor Meiji

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20
Q

What was e year of the second Mongol invasion?

A

1281

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21
Q

Who was the brother of minamoto yoritomo?

A

Yoshitune

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22
Q

What was the year that marked the beginning of the ashikaga bakufu?

A

1336

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23
Q

What is a samurai

A

A Japanese warrior who taught for their daimyo

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24
Q

What is a shoen?

A

Rural land estates exempt from taxation

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25
Q

What is a bakufu?

A

A government ruled by a shogun

26
Q

What is kami?

A

Part of the Shinto belief system and the source of all human life

27
Q

What is kamikaze?

A

A Devine wind that capsized the Mongol invasion

28
Q

What was sakoku?

A

Closed country policy in 1639

29
Q

Who was Oda Nobunaga?

A

He was a man born in a lower rank of the feudal pyramid, who joined forces with neighboring daimyo to achieve many military victories

30
Q

Who was Toyontomi Hideyoshi?

A

He took power after the death of Oda in 1582 and then conquered the rest of Japan by 1590

31
Q

List the time periods of feudal Japan in order.

A

Kamakura Bakufu, Ashi Kaga, Sengoku Jendal, Tokugawa period

32
Q

What was the Tokugawa period?

A

It was the long period of time at peace

33
Q

What was Sengoku Jendal

A

It was a country at war

34
Q

What is satori?

A

It was the movement of enlightenment in Zen Buddhism

35
Q

Who was minamoto yorimoto?

A

First shogun to rule Japan

36
Q

What is arquebuses?

A

A type of gun brought to Japan by the Portuguese

37
Q

Who was commodore Matthew Perry?

A

Leader of the American fleet in 1853 and also ended the closed country policy in Japan

38
Q

What is an emperor

A

The person on top of the feudal structure in Japan

39
Q

What was hakata bay?

A

The place where the Mongols invaded

40
Q

What was Honshu

A

Was the largest Provence in Japan

41
Q

Who were jomon?

A

Ancient people living in Japan in 3000BCE

42
Q

Who was kublai khan?

A

Leader of the Mongols

43
Q

What is mushin?

A

A moment of forgetting oneself in Zen Buddhism

44
Q

What was the period of country at war?

A

Sengoku-jidai

45
Q

What is seppuku?

A

Ritual suicide committed by a samurai

46
Q

What is Zen Buddhism?

A

A religion followed in Japan

47
Q

What are zen gardens?

A

A place to meditate where satori could be achieved

48
Q

What happened in 1853?

A

Commodore Matthew Perry and his quadrant landed in Japan

49
Q

What happened in 1192

A

Nothing

Trick question;)

50
Q

What happened in 1868?

A

Fall of the Tokugawa bakufu

51
Q

Explain how the minamoto clan was able to establish their rule, which led to the start of the kamakura

A

First the emperor lost authority due to growing power in the shoen. Two clans then emerged one being the minamoto clan. Then the kamakura bakufu was established, and jīto was appointed

52
Q

Explain the purpose and significance of zen gardens in Zen Buddhism.

A

They were a place for meditation and was believed that enlightenment( satori ) could be achieved through meditation. Zen gardens symbolised features of the world

53
Q

Describe the impact the arrival of the Europeans had on Japan from the 16-19th century.

A

The Portuguese brought things like tobacco, cotton, refined sugar, arquebuses, technology and Christianity. The Dutch brought things like potatoes, pumpkin, corn, wood, pepper, modern naval skills and medicine
(Memorise at least three of these each)

54
Q

To what extent was the landing of the American fleet in 1853 responsible for the end of the Tokugawa bakufu? ( what do you think? )

A

The Japanese were already struggling with the closed country policy because they were running out of food. I think the Americans were partly responsible because they threatened them to start a war, so they gave the Japanese a white flag, and because the Japanese were already struggling. They ended the closed country policy

55
Q

What year did Buke-sho hatto to passed?

A

1615CE

56
Q

(Closed country policy stuff) what was the ancient law referee to in the letter?

A

The closed country policy and sukoku

57
Q

Why was the US eager to break this policy?

A

They wanted to trade goods with the Japanese, and if they had a shipwreck near there, the Japanese could help them.

58
Q

What was the tone of the letter?

A

They were being suck-ups to the Japanese, and pretending to be friends

59
Q

According to commodore Matthew perry, what methods would the US have used?

A

The US would not have been nice, they would have used violence.

60
Q

What it did commodore Matthew perry send to Japan and what did it symbolise?

A

He sent a white flag to show that the Japanese have already lost so they should just surrender now

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