FETAL SUPPORT STRUCTURES, STAGES OF INTRAUTERINE DEVELOPMENT AND FETAL CIRCULATION

Question 1

T or F = The study of development begins at birth

Answer 1

false, it begins at the moment of conception

Question 2

What is decidua?

Answer 2

inner lining of uterus implanted with blastocyst

Structure of thickened endometrium that develops after implantation

Question 3

What are the 3 decidua layers

Answer 3

1 Decidua Basalis

2 Decidua Capsularis

3 Decidua vera

Question 4

Decidua Basalis location and function

Answer 4

L: Lies directly under embryo

F: Where trophoblast cell communicates w/ maternal blood vessels

Question 5

Decidua Capsularis location and function

Answer 5

L: Encloses the embedded blastocyst

F: Separates blastocyst from uterine cavity

Question 6

Decidua Vera location and function

Answer 6

L: Layer not in contact w/ ovum

F: Lines the remaining uterus

Question 7

The decidua layer that becomes the maternal part of the placenta

Answer 7

decidua basalis

Question 8

are called finger-like projections

Answer 8

Chorionic Villi

Question 9

Contains a reservoirs of blood which provides O2 and Nutrients to fetus

Answer 9

intervillous spaces

Question 10

Tiny Projections into the intervillous space that contain a fetal artery and vein to release waste products & pick up oxygen & nutrients from maternal blood

Answer 10

Chorionic Villi

Question 11

fetal membranes is also known as

Answer 11

embryonic membrane

Question 12

Function of fetal membrane

Answer 12

encloses fetus & amniotic fluid, protecting it from bacterial infection

Question 13

2 Division of fetal membrane

Answer 13

Chorion (chorionic membrane) & amnion (amniotic membrane)

Question 14

The outer most fetal membrane and is described as protective & nutritive

Answer 14

Chorion

Question 15

Smooth, glistening, thin, tough, & translucent fetal membrane that lines the amniotic cavity, enclosing the fetus

Answer 15

Amnion

Question 16

Produces the amniotic fluid

Answer 16

Amnion

Question 17

Described as bag of water as it contains the amniotic fluid

Answer 17

amniotic cavity

Question 18

the fetus’ position withing the amniotic cavity

Answer 18

flexion

Question 19

The amount of amniotic fluid in mL ranges from

Answer 19

800-1200 mL

Question 20

what is the color, alkalinity, and composition of amniotic fluid

Answer 20

color: clear
alkalinity: 7-&.25
composition: 99% water & 1 % solid particles

Question 21

amniotic fluid function (8)

Answer 21

1. Protection
2. Allows movement
3. Permits symmetrical growth
4. Excretion
5. Fetus has fetal waste metabolism, so it urinates & urine goes to circulation
6. Temperature regulation
7. Source of intrauterine oral fluid
8. Lubricant during labor

Question 22

To determine if the amniotic fluid or urine is the one that raptures and come out (during the time when it is thought that pregnant woman is about to deliver), what test is utilized?

Answer 22

Nitrazine Paper Test

Question 23

Test that involves putting a drop of fluid sample from vagina onto litmus paper strips with nitrazine dye.

Answer 23

Nitrazine Paper Test

Question 24

Yellow result of Nitrazine Paper Test indicates?

Answer 24

pH is 4-6
Negative for amniotic fluid

Question 25

Blue result of Nitrazine Paper Test indicates?

Answer 25

pH 6.5 -7.5
Positive

Question 26

Characterized as too much amniotic fluid around the baby during pregnancy.

Answer 26

Polyhydramnios (hydramnios)

Question 27

What amount of amniotic fluid is considered as Polyhydramnios (hydramnios)?

Answer 27

more than 2000 mL

Question 28

It is the decreased amniotic fluid volume

Answer 28

Oligohydramnios

Question 29

What amount of amniotic fluid is considered as Oligohydramnios?

Answer 29

less than 500 mL

Question 30

What are the Abnormal amniotic colors?

Answer 30

Greenish

Distress fetus causes relaxation of GI tract of fetus which stimulates meconium (it is a fetal waste metabolism, means it can only be release after delivery ) release
Gold or yellow
Means hemolytic disease such as RH or ABO incompatibility
cloudy/ gray
infection
pinkish/ reddish
Means bleeding

Question 31

Amniotic color that indicates Meconium staining; fetal distress in a non breech presentation

Answer 31

Greenish

Question 32

waste that can only be release after delivery

Answer 32

Meconium

Question 33

newborn’s first poop

Answer 33

Meconium

Question 34

Amniotic color that indicates hemolytic disease such as RH or ABO incompatibility

Answer 34

Gold or yellow

Question 35

Amniotic color that indicates infection

Answer 35

greyish / cloudy

Question 36

Amniotic color that indicates bleeding

Answer 36

pinkish / reddish

Question 37

In pregnancy we are using _______to monitor there the growth of baby

Answer 37

lunar months

Question 38

weight of placenta

Answer 38

500 g

Question 39

placenta is formed from the union of

Answer 39

chronic (fetal portion) & decidua basalis (maternal portion)

Question 40

Placenta is fully functional at what week

Answer 40

12th

Question 41

2 sides of placenta

Answer 41

maternal & fetal

Question 42

The side of placenta that is overed w/ amnions & cotyledon, Red & flesh

Answer 42

maternal

Question 43

smooth & shiny side of placenta

Answer 43

fetal

Question 44

4 Functions of placenta

Answer 44

1. Organ of respiration
   = Exchange of gasses takes place in the placenta
2. Excretion
   = Waste products metabolism & carbon dioxide are bein excreted into maternal blood by diffusion
3. Nutrition
   = Transport nutrients from mother to fetus via the placenta by diffusion through the placental tissues
4. Organ of protection
   = Inhibits passage of certain bacteria & large molecules
   Provides maternal Ig G (Immunoglobulin)