Fetal Pig Dissection Flashcards
Used for chewing, swallowing, and tasting
Tongue
Directs food to esophagus; divides nasal cavity and mouth
Hard Palate
Seals nasal cavity during swallowing
Soft Palate
Passageway for food and air
Pharynx
Openings of the nasal cavities into the mouth and pharynx
Internal Nares
Opens into the nasal cavity and allows inhalation and exhalation; used in smell; nostrils
External Nares
Voice box; vocal cords
Larynx
Moves food from throat to stomach
Esophagus
Closes off the breathing passage during swallowing; forms a continuous air tube from the nasal passage to the opening to the larynx during breathing
Epiglottis
Opening into the larynx; air from the nasal passages passes through here on the way to the lungs
Glottis
Channel for airflow through the nose
Nasal Passages
Windpipes
Trachea
Leads toward the stomach
Esophagus Opening
Toward the head
Anterior
Toward the tail
Posterior
Backside
Dorsal
Frontside
Ventral
Close to the midline
Medial
To one side
Lateral
Close to the trunk
Proximal
Out toward the end
Disrtal
Attaches the fetus to the placenta
Umbilical Cord
Carries blood to the fetus (from placenta)
Umbilical Vein
Carries the blood away from the fetus (to placenta)
Umbilical Arteries
Nipples; produce milk in females
Mammary Papillae
Only found in females; small flap of skin
Genital Papilla
Expel feces
Anus
The common opening for the urinary and reproductive systems
Urogenital Opening
Joins the stomach and esophagus
Cardiac Sphincter
Reabsorption of water from the small intestine
Large Intestine
Provides an exit from stomach into small intestine and prevent flowback
Pyloric Sphincter
Secretes many digestive enzymes
Small Intestine
Digestion of protein begins
Stomach
Helps expel feces
Rectum
Produces digestive juices; secretes insulin
Pancreas
First part of the small intestine
Duodenum
Secretes bile; processes digested food
Liver
Opens to expel feces
Anal Sphincter
Leads into the oral cavity
Mouth
Stores bile
Gall Bladder
Mixture of fluid and dead cells
Meconium
Aids in the storage of red blood cells and in the destruction of old ones
Spleen
Double sheets of membrane holding together the small intestine
Mesenteries
Inflammation of the peritonium
Peritonitis
Reabsorbs fluid and processes waste products from the body and prepares for its elimination
Colon
Absorbs fluid and salts that remain after intestinal digestion and absorption
Caecum
Filter the blood and form urine
Kidneys
Remove carbon dioxide
Lungs
Remove water and salt
Skin
Excretory wastes are transferred by diffusion to the mother’s blood
Placenta
Carries blood to be filtered and after it is filtered; supplies the kidneys
Renal Arteries
Carrie the blood to be filtered and after it is filtered
Renal Veins
Carries urine formed in the kidneys
Ureters
Urine is stored here until it leaves the bladder
Urinary Bladder
Where urine leaves the bladder; carries urine and sperm
Urethra
Where eggs are produced
Ovaries
Passes from the ovary towards the midline and becomes known as the uterine horn
Oviduct
Where the embryos develop
Uterine Horn
Where the two uterine horns join together
Body of the Uterus
Receives the penis during mating and also is the birth canal
Vagina
Holds the testis; controls sperm temperature
Scrotum
Produce sperm
Testis
Carries sperm from the testis
Vas Deferens
Reproductive organ that carries sperm and urine
Penis
Add seminal fluid
Bulbourethreal Glands
Stores sperm
Epididymis
Passage that contains the spermatic cord
Inguinal Canal
Muscular sheet of tissue that is part of the breathing mechanism
Diaphram
Pumps blood throughout the body
Heart
Protects and lubricates heart; encloses the pericardial cavity
Pericardial Membrane
Important in disease resistance
Thymus Glands
Control the metabolic rate of the body
Thyroid Gland
Carries blood from the left ventricle to the arteries serving all parts of the body
Aorta
Collects blood from the posterior part of the body
Vena Cava
Brings blood to the lungs
Pulmonary Artery
Carries blood from head region to superior vena cava
Jugular Vein
Carries blood from legs to superior vena cava
Subclavian Veins
Drain blood from the liver to the vena cava
Hepatic Veins
Supplies blood to the front legs
Subclavian Arteries
Carry blood to the head region
Carotid Arteries
Supplies the spleen, liver, stomach, duodenum, and pancreas
Celiac Artery
Supply blood to the legs
Iliac Arteries
Why do the testes of most mammals descend from the abdomen?
Because the temperature of the sperm have to be cooler than the body temperature.
Do the vagina and urethra merge in female pigs? In humans?
Yes. No.
Explain why pigs or humans cannot breath when they are swallowing.
Because the epiglottis closes off the breathing passage when you swallow.
Why is a piece of food lodged in the upper throat a life threatening
Because you can’t swallow and breath at the same time, and the epiglottis closes off the breathing passage so you won’t be able to breath.
The umbilical artery carries blood (to or from) the fetus and is high in _____.
From. Carbon dioxide and nitrogen.
A dark, greenish material in the stomach that is a mixture of fluid and dead cells swallowed for the embryo.
Meconium
What is peritonitis?
Inflammation of the peritonium.
List in order the structures of the digestive system that food passes through.
Mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, and large intestine.
What is the skeletal system mostly made of at this point in development?
Bone? Skin? Dead pig corpse? Honestly, I have no clue. I don’t have a fetal pig at the moment, so I can’t answer this question. Truthfully, even if I did have a fetal pig, I still wouldn’t know the answer. I don’t recall ever learning this. I don’t recall learning half this stuff. Oh wait, that’s because we weren’t fucking taught it! Heh…this class is going to be the death of me. At this point I welcome death with open arms. Cruel, cruel wold. :’)
When did Abraham Lincoln and Martha Stewart throw a quinceanera for their pet pig named Nomad?
2003.
……
How’s it going? Studying, huh? Yeah…exciting stuff. I’ve been procrastinating and studying at the same time for far too long. I am so bored. So instead of being progressive and useful, I’m writing this and procrastinating even more.
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I. Am. Dying.
Seriously. Help me.
I’m eating food.
It’s not fixing my problems.
I am currently crying.
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