Fetal Malpresentation

Question 1

What are the three types of breech presentation

Answer 1

Frank(extended): hip flexed, knee extended so fetus looking directly at feet… most favourable for vaginal delivery

Incomplete(footling): extension of hip and knees whether it be single or both limbs

Complete: flex ion of both hip and knees so both feet and buttocks are presenting

Question 2

Possible causes of breech presentation

Answer 2

Maternal:
Uterine (fibroids) and extra uterine tumours(ovarian cysts)
Grand multi parity

Placental:
Placenta previa
Amniotic fluid

Fetal: 
Prematurity 
Multiple gestation 
Congenital malformations- abnormal fetus can cause abnormal presentation 
Aneuploidy

Question 3

What are three options for delivery of a breech at term

Answer 3

External cephalic version
Csection
Trial of labour

Question 4

Complications of external cephalon version

Answer 4

Fetal distress(hence continuous fetal monitoring)
Fetaternal hemorrhage (hence rhohram)
Placental abruption
Rupture of membranes(hence inspection of introitus at end)
Uterine rupture