Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

OBSTETRICS and GYNE > FETAL DEVELOPMENT > Flashcards

FETAL DEVELOPMENT Flashcards

1
Q

When do centers of ossification appear?

A

12 wks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

When do skin and nails develop?

A

12 weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

When are fingers and toes differentiated?

A

12 weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

When do eye movements begin?

A

16 weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

When does midbrain maturation begin?

A

16 weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

When do eyes open?

A

26 weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

When does subcutaneous fat deposit?

A

36 weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

When does vernix caseosa form over skin?.

A

28 weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

When does vaginal canalization begin?

A

16 weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

When does testes descend?

A

20 weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

When does canalicular development complete?

A

24 weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

When is the fetal liver and spleen the sites of hematopoiesis

A

28 weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

When does type ii pneumocytes begin to secrete surfactant?

A

24 weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

When does downy lanugo cover the body?

A

20 weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

When does fetal uterus form?

A

16 weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

When do fingers and toes differentiate?

A

12 weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

When is the bone marrow the major site of hematopoeisis?

A

28 weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What significant fetal changes occur during 36 weeks?

A

Subcutaneous fat deposition
Body becomes rotund
Face becomes fuller

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What significant fetal changes occur during 28 weeks?

A

Vernix caseosa

Bone marrow for hematopoiesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What significant fetal changes occur during 24 weeks?

A

Skin wrinkles, fat deposits begin
Head enlarged
Canaliculra kung devt nearly complete
Surfactant begins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

When does brown fat form?

A

20 weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What significant fetal changes occur during 20 weeks?

A

Testes descends
Brown fat forms
Downy lanugo

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What significant fetal changes occur during 16 weeks?

A

Eye movement
Midbrain maturation
Uterus
Vaginal canalization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What significant fetal changes occur during 12 weeks?

A

Centers of ossification
Skin and nails
Fingers and toes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What significant fetal changes occur during 4-5 weeks?

A

Ureteric bud from mesonephric duct will become the kidney

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What significant fetal changes occur during 7 weeks?

A

Cloaca divides into rectum and urogenital sinus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

What are the three parts of the urogenital sinus

A

Cephalad (vesicle): bladder
Middle (pelvic): urethra
Caudal (phallic): lower vagina, batholins and paraurethral glands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

What significant fetal sex changes occur during 10th week?

A

Uterus is formed by union of mullerian ducts in the middle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

What significant fetal sex changes occur during 16th week?

A

Primordial follicle begin to form which contain oogonia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

What significant fetal sex changes occur during 20th week?

A

Final uterine cavity formed

Vaginal canalization is complete (begins at 16 weeks)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Three fetal shunts

A

Ductus venosus
Foramen ovale
Ductus arteriosus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

What are the 3 umbilical vessels

A

AVA
2 arteries
1 vein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Trace flow of blood from placenta

A 
Oxygenated
- Umbilical vein
- Portal v (liver)
- Ductus vein (IVC)
Mixed blood
- IVC
- Right atrium
- foramen ovale
- left atrium
- left ventricle
- aorta
- common iliac (2)
- hypogastric a (2)
- umbilical a (2)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Functional closure

Ductus arteriosus

A

10-12 hours

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Functional closure

Foramen ovale

A

Few mins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Functional closure

Ligamentum venosum

A

10-96hours

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

Closure

Ligamentum teres

A

3-4 days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

Closure of umbilical ligament

A

3-4 days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

Anatomic closure

Ductus arteriosis

A

2-3 weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

Anatomic closure

Foramen ovale

A

1 yr

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

Anatomic closure

Ligamentum venosum

A

2-3 weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q 
Fetal lung development
Pseudoglandular stage (1st): growth of intrasegmental bronchial tree
A

5-17 weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

When can chest wall movements be detected sonographically?

A

11 weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

Fetal lung development

Canicular lung development is nearly complete by

A

24 weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

Type II pneumocytes begin to secrete surfactant by

A

24 weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

Terminal sac stage (3rd) by?

A

25 weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

Which stage of fetal lung development involves growth of intrasegmental bronchial tree?
A. 1st - Pseudoglandular stage
B. 2nd - canalicular stage
C. 3rd - terminal sac stage

A

A. Pseudoglandular stage (1) at 5-17 weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

Which stage of fetal lung development involves alveoli giving rise to pulmonary alveoli and extracellular matrix development
A. 1st - Pseudoglandular stage
B. 2nd - canalicular stage
C. 3rd - terminal sac stage

A

C. Terminal sac stage (3) at >25 wks

49
Q

Which stage of fetal lung development involves bronchial cartilage plates extending peripherally (terminal bronchiole > several respiratory bronchioles > multiple saccular ducts)?
A. 1st - Pseudoglandular stage
B. 2nd - canalicular stage
C. 3rd - terminal sac stage

A

B. Canalicular stage (2) at 16-25 weeks

50
Q

When does fetus begin to engage in respiratory movement?

A

16 weeks

51
Q

Source of amniotic fluid in early pregnancy

A

Maternal plasma as ultrafiltrate

52
Q

Source of amniotic fluid in 2nd trimester pregnancy

A

ECF diffused through fetal skin

53
Q

Source of amniotic fluid at over 20 weeks

A

Fetal urine

54
Q

Removal and regulation of amniotic fluid

A

Fetal swallowing
Fetal aspiration
Exchange through skin and fetal membranes

55
Q

Severe oligohydramnios mechanism

A

Renal agenesis

Bladder obstruction

56
Q

Causes of polyhydramnios

A

Esophageal atresia
Pulmonary hypoplasia
Skin has no pores *rare

57
Q

Causes nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity in oreterms

A

Aminoglycosides

Gentamycin or streptomycin

58
Q

Gray baby syndrome

A

Chloramphenicol

59
Q

Is chloramphenicol teratogenic?

A

No

60
Q 
If used in 1st tri, causes 
hypoplastic left heart syndrome, 
microphthalmia, 
anophthalmia, 
clefts and ASD
A

Nitrofurantoin

61
Q 
If used in 1st tri, causes 
anencephaly, 
left ventricular outflow tract obstruction, 
choanal atresia, 
diaphragmatic hernia
A

Sulfonamides

62
Q

If used over 25 weeks AOG, causes yellowish brown discoloration of deciduous teeth

A

Tetracycline

63
Q

Causes cleft

A

Corticosteroids

64
Q

Miscarriage and ear defecte

A

Mycophenolic acid

65
Q

hypoplastic T shaped uterine cavity,
Cervical collars,
Breast cancer

A

Diethylstilbestrol

66
Q

Embryopathy (6th to 9th week)

A

Warfarin

67
Q

Clover-leaf skull

A

Methotrexate

68
Q 
Wide nasal bridge
Lowset ears
Micronathia
Limb abnormalities
Skull abnormalities
A

Methotrexat

69
Q

Irreversible hypothyroidism

A

Radioiodine

70
Q

Fetal growth and behavioral abnormalities

A

Lead

71
Q

Epididymal cysts, hypospadia, cryptorchidism

A

Diethylstilbestrol

72
Q

Disturbances in neuronal cell division and migration

A

Mercury

73
Q

Sources of mercury

A

Shark, swordfish, king mackerel, tilefish, albacore tuna

74
Q

Most potent teratogen

A

Isotretinoin

75
Q

Amount of retinol that can cause defects

A

> 10000 mIU/day

76
Q

Neonatal behavioral syndrome (drug that causes it)

A

SSRI/SNRI
Fluoxetine
Sertraline
Citalopram

77
Q

Neonatal behavior syndrome (characteristifs)

A 
Jittery, irritable
Hyper or hypotonia
Feeding abnormalities
Vomiting
Hypoglycemia
Thermoregulatory instability
Respiratory abnormalities
78
Q

ASD and VSD

A

Paroxetine (SSRI)

79
Q

Ebstein anomaly

A

Lithium

80
Q

Condition with apical displacement of tricuspid valve

A

Ebstein anomaly

81
Q 
Near delivery exposure causes 
Hypothyroidism
Diabetes insipidus
Cardiomegaly
Bradycardia
Ecg abno
Cyanosis
Hypotonia
A

Lithium

82
Q

Risk of thyroid cancer

A

Radioiodine

83
Q

Causes childhood developmental delay, microcephaly and severe brain damage

A

Mercury

84
Q

Fetal renal damage

A

ACEi

85
Q

NTDs

A

Antiseizures

Valproate ate the folate

86
Q

Fetal hydantoin syndrome

A

Phenytoin

87
Q

Stippling of vertebrae, nasal hypoplasia

Choanal atresia

A

Warfarin

88
Q

Abnormal EP muscle movements

A 
Antipsychotics (not a teratogen)
Haloperidol
Chlorpromazine
Fluphenazine
Clozapine
Olanzapine
Risperidone
89
Q

Neonatal hypoglycemia

A

Oral hypoglycemic agents

90
Q

Neonatal dependence

A

Barbiturates

91
Q

Clear cell adenoCA (vagina)

A

diethylstilbestrol

92
Q

Craniofacial abnormalities

A

Isotretinoin

93
Q

Congenital hypothyroidism

A

Iodide

94
Q

Fetal alcohol syndrome

A

Ethanol

95
Q

Warfarin in 1st tri

A

Chondrodysplasia

96
Q

Warfarin in 2nd tri

A

CNS abno

97
Q

Warfarin in 3rd tri

A

Bleeding diathesis

98
Q

Mobius sequence

A

Misoprostol

99
Q 
Withdrawal
Agitation
Abno muscle tone
Tremor
Sleepiness 
Feeding difficulty
Respiratory abno
A 
Antipsychotics (not a teratogen)
Haloperidol
Chlorpromazine
Fluphenazine
Clozapine
Olanzapine
Risperidone
100
Q

Tetracycline

A

Yellow teeth

101
Q

Cutis laxa

A

Penicillamine

102
Q

Phocomelia

A

Thalidomide

103
Q

Smoking

A

IUGR

104
Q

Streptomycin

A

Ototoxicity

105
Q

Aplasia cutis congenita

A

Methimazole

106
Q

Kernicterus

A

Sulfonamides

107
Q

Cartilage damage

A

Fluoroquinolone

108
Q

Trisomy 21

A

Down

109
Q

Trisomy 18

A

Edward

110
Q

Trisomy 13

A

Patau

111
Q

45 XO

A

Turner

112
Q

47 XXY

A

Klinefelter

113
Q

Microdelete

A

Cri du chat

114
Q

Most common non lethal trisomy

A

Downs

115
Q

Strawberry shaped cranium

A

Edward

116
Q

Abnormal laryngeal development

A

Cri du chat

117
Q

Most common sex chromosome abnormality

A

Klinefelter

118
Q

Holoprosencephaly

A

Patau

119
Q

Only monosomy compatible with life

A

Turner syndrome

OBSTETRICS and GYNE (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions