Fetal Development

Question 1

Weeks 9-12

Answer 1

Eyes closed
Head is half the length of fetus
Spontaneous, involuntary movements
Suck, swallow
Kidneys produce urine; excrete it into amniotic fluid

Question 2

Week 16

Answer 2

Lanugo covers body; helps vernix to adhere to skin

Meconium develops from swallowing of amniotic fluid

Question 3

Week 20

Answer 3

Vernix covers skin to protect it from amniotic fluid

Brown fat develops to keep baby warm after birth

Question 4

Week 24

Answer 4

Increased fetal viability

Lungs produce surfactant - making it easier for baby to breath after birth

Question 5

Week 28

Answer 5

Eyes reopen

Sufficient alveoli

Question 6

Week 38

Answer 6

Testes descend/clitoris covered by labia
Lanugo on shoulder/upper back only
Lanugo and vernix begins to disappear
Sub-Q fat increases

Question 7

Week 40

Answer 7

Full term
Body fills most of uterus
Amniotic fluid volume decreases

Question 8

Pregnancy marks the beginning of conception, t or f

Answer 8

true

Question 9

Conception includes

Answer 9

gamete formation, ovulation, fertilization, implantation in the uterus

Question 10

Prenatal development has how many periods?

Answer 10

3

Question 11

Period I is classified___

Answer 11

pre-embryonic

Question 12

Period II is classified___

Answer 12

embryonic

Question 13

Period II developments

Answer 13

Basic structures of all body organs
Cellular differentiation
Vulnerability to teratogens

Question 14

Period III is classified

Answer 14

fetal

Question 15

Period III developments

Answer 15

Major systems in basic form

Growth/refinement of structure/function of all organ systems

Question 16

Factors influencing embryonic/fetal development

Answer 16

Circulation
Exposure to teratogens
Risk fxrs(infections, per-existing conditions, nutrition, gestational disorders, family hx)

Question 17

2 components of the placenta

Answer 17

maternal side - rough

fetal side - smooth

Question 18

2 major functions of the placenta

Answer 18

transfer

metabolic

Question 19

Amniotic fluid initially forms by

Answer 19

diffusion of maternal blood

Question 20

amniotic fluid volume/amount increase/change weekly/constantly t or f

Answer 20

true

Question 21

how much amniotic fluid at 40 weeks

Answer 21

7-800 mls

Question 22

amniotic fluid abnormalities

Answer 22

oligohydramnios (too little)

hydramnios or polyhydramnios (too much)

Question 23

Umbilical cord is made up of what

Answer 23

2 arteries
1 vein
Whartons jelly

Question 24

Umbilical cord abnormalities

Answer 24

nuchal cord = cord around the neck
battledore placenta = cord is attached to one end of placenta
velamentous cord insertion = cord attached to veins

Question 25

mono-zygotic twins

Answer 25

identical twins

Question 26

Di-zygotic twins

Answer 26

separate eggs released at the same time = fraternal

Question 27

fetal circulation transient structures

Answer 27

ductus arteriosus - connects aorta & pulmonary artery - protects lungs against overload; allows rt. ventricle to strengthen
ductus venosus (shortcut) = blood vessel connecting umbilical vein to IVC (inferior vena cava) (bypasses liver)
foramen ovale - connects rt & lt atria - shunts oxygenated blood from the right to left atrium

Question 28

within 30 min. of birth what happens in the heart

Answer 28

ductus arteriosus & foramen ovale close and shut off due to increased pressure on lt side of heart & a decrease on the rt. causing blood to know go to the lungs

Question 29

more highly oxygenated blood is delivered to brain/heart true or false

Answer 29

true

Question 30

fertilization vs gestational

Answer 30

gestational is 2 weeks more than fertilization since it calculated due date from first day of last menstrual period, not conception

Question 31

full term is

Answer 31

36-40 weeks fertilization

38-42 weeks gestational