Fertilisers

Question 1

Explain the importance of fertilisers

Answer 1

Fertilisers are important in agriculture because they help replenish essential nutrients in the soil that plants need to grow.

Question 2

State the elements found in fertilisers

Answer 2

Fertilisers typically contain the elements:

Nitrogen (N)
Phosphorus (P)
Potassium (K)

Question 3

State the properties of ammonia and the reactions it undergoes

Answer 3

Properties of ammonia
Ammonia is a colourless gas with a distinctive smell.
It is very soluble in water and forms an alkaline solution.
Reacts with acids to form an ammonium salt and water.
Reactions of ammonia
Ammonia solution + acid → ammonium salt + water

Question 4

State what is produced in the Haber Process

Answer 4

the Haber Process produces ammonia (NH3)

Question 5

State the products, reactants and catalyst used in the Ostwald process

Answer 5

Product
Nitric acid

Reactants
Ammonia, oxygen, and water

Catalyst
Platinum

Question 6

Explain the conditions used in the Haber Process

Answer 6

Temperature
A moderate temperature (about 450°C)

Pressure
High pressure is used to increase the yield of ammonia.

Catalyst
An iron (Fe) catalyst is used to speed up the production of ammonia.

Condenser
The condenser cools down the reaction mixture, which allows ammonia to condense into a liquid that can be easily separated and extracted.

Recycling Reactants
Any unreacted nitrogen and hydrogen are recycled back into the reaction.