fertilisers

Question 1

What are the essential elements in fertilisers?

Answer 1

Nitrogen (N)
Phosphorus (P)
Potassium (K)

Question 2

What is a fertiliser?

Answer 2

A fertiliser is a substance which restores elements to the soil.

Question 3

What are the main compounds in fertilisers that provide the essential elements?

Answer 3

Ammonium Salts (NH4 Cl)
Potassium Salts
Nitrates
Phosphates

Question 4

How do you make ammonia in the lab?

Answer 4

React any ammonium salt with any alkali.
KOH + NH4 Cl ——-> KCl + H20 + NH3

Question 5

What is the Haber process?

Answer 5

The production of ammonia by reacting nitrogen and hydrogen.

Question 6

What are the conditions for the Haber process?

Answer 6

Iron catalyst
High pressure
Moderate temperature

Question 7

What’s the equation for the Haber process?

Answer 7

N2(g) + 3H2(g) <——-> 2NH3(g)

Question 8

What is the Otswald process?

Answer 8

This is the catalytic oxidation of ammonia to produce nitric acid requiring a platinum catalyst.

Question 9

How do you make synthetic fertilisers by neutralisation?

Answer 9

Fertilisers can be made by neutralisation using the appropriate base and acid. The salt produced is the fertiliser.
e.g.
NH4 OH + HNO3(aq) —–> NH4 NO3 + H2O