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Mod 6 > Ferous Metals > Flashcards

Ferous Metals Flashcards

1
Q

Density

A

The measure of mass per unit volume

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2
Q

Fatigue

A

When a material is subjected to loadings

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3
Q

Elasticity

A

The ability of a material to return to its original shape when deformed

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4
Q

Unit stress

A

Force per unit area

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5
Q

Tension

A

The stress that causes a material to stretch apart away from the centre

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6
Q

Compression

A

The stress that forces a material to condense pushing towards the centre

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7
Q

Shear

A

Where the material is forced away at different angles causing the material to shear

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8
Q

Combined stress

A

Tension and shear stress mixed together

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9
Q

Hardness

A

Resistance to penetration, wear or cutting

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10
Q

Strength

A

Withstand forces causing deformation

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11
Q

Plasticity

A

Allows a material to be re-shaped

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12
Q

Ductility

A

Can be drawn into thinner sections without breaking

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13
Q

Malleability

A

Allows a material to be stretched or shaped without breaking

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14
Q

Toughness

A

Allows the material to be deformed without breaking

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15
Q

Brittleness

A

Tendency for a material to break when deformed

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16
Q

Conductivity

A

Possibility for a material to conduct electricity

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17
Q

Durability

A

Enables the material to withstand forces over a period of time

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18
Q

What are the aircraft lightweight materials?

A

Aluminium
Titanium
Magnesium

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19
Q

What is the base material for steel?

A

Iron

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20
Q

What is iron alloyed with to create steel?

A

Carbon

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21
Q

What are all the alloying ingredients?

A 
Sulphur
Manganese
Silicon
Phosphorous
Nickel 
Chromium 
Molybdenum
Vanadium 
Titanium
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22
Q

What does AISI stand for?

A

American iron and steel institute

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23
Q

What do the 4 digit identification of an alloy represent?

A

First digit- major alloying ingredient
Second digit- any modifications
Last two digits- other alloying materials used

24
Q

What does tempering do to a metal?

A

Heat treatment that decreases hardness, increases durability and toughness. Also relieving stresses

25
Q

What is hardening?

A

A type of heat treatment where the iron is heated to its critical temp and impregnated with carbon, then quenched to rapidly cool the alloy

26
Q

What is annealing?

A

Heat treatment that softens steel and relieves it of informal stresses, the steel is heated 50 degrees Fahrenheit above critical temp and soaked at that temperature, after cooled slowly making the metal soft and ductile

27
Q

What is Normalising?

A

Heated 100 degrees Fahrenheit above critical temperature them soaked for a specific time at room temperature, this increases malleability.

28
Q

What is Quenching?

A

Dipped in brine, water or oil.

The rate that steel will cool down

29
Q

What is ferrite?

A

Pure iron

30
Q

What is austenitic?

A

Absorbing alot of carbon (2%)

31
Q

What is cemenitic?

A

Hard compound, ban be brittle if too hard

32
Q

What is pearlite?

A

Structured compound of layers of ferrite and cemntite.?o

33
Q

What does CRES stand for?

A

Corrosion resistant steel

34
Q

What are the properties of CRES?

A

Corrosion resistant
High strength, toughness
Resistant to high temps

35
Q

What are the disadvantages of CRES?

A

Difficult to cut
Greater co-efficient of expansion
Experienced engineers are required
Not suitable in extreme temperatures (engines)

36
Q

What are the 3 types of steel?

A

Austenitic
Ferritic
Martensitic

37
Q

What percentage of nickel is in austenitic steel?

A

3.5%-22%

38
Q

What percentage of chromium is in ferritic steel?

A

15%-30%

39
Q

What percentage of chromium is in martensitic steel?

A

12%-18%

40
Q

What must an alloy have to be heat treated?

A

Carbon

41
Q

What does precipitation hardening to an alloy?

A

Increase strength

Increases corrosion resistance

42
Q

What is hydrogen embrittlement?

A

Hydrogen migrated to areas such as grain boundaries, the hydrogen reacts with the metal and creates methane, building up pressure that can cause cracks.

43
Q

What type of steel cannot be affecting by hydrogen embrittlement?

A

The 300 series,

Austenitic steel

44
Q

How do you rectify hydrogen embrittlement?

A

Re-heat the steel

45
Q

Galvanic corrosion

A

Measure of how dissimilar metals will corrode when placed against each other .

46
Q

What is not suitable for case hardening?

A

Non-ferrous materials

47
Q

What does case hardening do?

A

Hardens the surface suitable for load bearing. Whilst retaining the core.

48
Q

What is carburising?

A

Treatment used to impregnate carbon into low-carbon steels.

49
Q

What are the three types of carburising?

A

Pack
Gas
Liquid

50
Q

What is the rate of carbon impregnation?

A

1mm every 5-6 hours

51
Q

What is pack carburising?

A

Carbon is impregnated via charcoal or a carbon based solid, high temps cause the carbon to move from the solid to the steel.

52
Q

What is gas carburising?

A

A tank filled with carbon dioxide is used to impregnate steel.

53
Q

What is liquid carburising?

A

Heated in a bath of sodium cyanide, this allows the carbon to leave the liquid and join the steel.

54
Q

What is flame hardening?

A

Torch heats certain points whilst immediately quenching after heated.

55
Q

What is induction hardening?

A

A coil is wrapped around the steel and heats the whole piece at once whilst quenching regularly.

56
Q

What is nitriding?

A

Similar to carburising it is where steel is placed in a tank and heated, ammonia is added to the tank and the nitrogen is absorbed creating the nitralloys.

Mod 6 (3 decks)

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