fernando's reign

Question 1

contents

Answer 1

1. context
2. absolutist sexennial (1814-1820)
3. Liberal triennium (1820-23)
4. Dreadful decade ( 1823-33)

he rules 1814-1833

Question 2

context

context

Answer 2

• Ferni spends war with Napoleon (comfortable captivity)
• Treaty Valencay = gets back throne = return
• defends Old Order
• Reigns hard times : Bourgeois revolutions // instauration of liberalism

Question 3

The Absolutist Sexennial
mention

Answer 3

1. Fernando’s return
2. Help for a** COUP d ETAT **
3. decree of Valencia
4. changes due to abolishing constitution
5. Fernandos GOVERNMENT
6. Merciless repression
7. Riegos pronunciamiento

Question 4

Fernandos return

4

Answer 4

• arrives in Valencia
• received by 69 conservative deputies
• conservatives constitution = anarchy
• return to absolut monarchy= 3 state cortes
  - Persians manifest

Question 5

Help for a coup d etat

Answer 5

Captain General of Valencia + Military men help him get power back

Question 6

Decree of Valencia

3

Answer 6

restore absolute power to MONARCHY
- international context favouring absolutism
- ALLIANCE between European monarchies after Napoleons defeat = crush any attempt of liberalism

Question 7

ABOLITION of constitution

2

Answer 7

• LIBERAL NEWSPAPERS = shut down
• reinstall: guilds/inquisition/feudal institutions

Question 8

Fernandos government

3

Answer 8

1. Spaniards lives not better
2. war of indep AMERICAN colonies
3. conomic crisis ( bakrupcy)

Question 9

merciless repression

3

Answer 9

LIBERALS = executed/imprisioned/exile
- frenchified,deputies,intellectuals
- frequent pronunciamientos = icon 19th cent spain

Question 10

Riegos Pronunciamiento

Answer 10

1820: first succesful uprising
- expeditionary force leaving to repress American insurrection
- refuse to embark = march on Madrid
- Major Riego
- against : corruption // favour : restoration constit.
- garrisons + urban militias =revolt spread
- Fernando accepts = SIGNS 1812 const

Question 11

The Liberal Triennium mention

Answer 11

1. Liberals back to govenment
2. Disagreements//social unrest
3. division among liberals
4. absolutist plots // international intervention

Question 12

Liberals back in power

liberal tri

Answer 12

1. changes again : abolishion
   - seigneurial rights //inquisition
   - church regulation state
2. try to control debt //** fix economy**

Question 13

Disagreements

liberal tri

Answer 13

1. the people afraid
   - peasants = sale of common lands = loose work
   - craftsmen = machinery
2. 19 cent = LIBERAL ECONOMY = free market

Question 14

DIVISION among liberals

Answer 14

1. moderates= moderados
2. progressives = exaltados

Question 15

moderates

liberal tri

5

Answer 15

• most conservative elem of liberalism
• wealthiest :
  new bourguoisie+enlightened supporters of O.O + aristocrats (land owners)
• main concern = economic liberalisation
• politically: reform C 1812 - reinforce king power
• **census based suffrage **: count with the complicity of old dominating classes

Question 16

Progressives

liberal tri

5

Answer 16

• prominent in Juntas Provinciales
• return to C 1812
• ** other changes** : tax reform,universal manhood suffrage,regulation of church & their lands (expropiate)
• MEMBERS= LOW PAID professionals = artisans,shopkeepers…
• WIN ELECTIONS : 1822

Question 17

Absolutist plots

Answer 17

• Moderates alarmed by progressive measures
• SERVILES take arms
• CIVIL WAR northern countryside