CADIZ CORTES

Question 1

context of their creation

Answer 1

1810
- Junta Central calls for an assembly of Provincial comitees in Cadiz
- Get BACK to the CORTES = medieval institutions = new :no features of o.o
- Provincial representatives : chosen by MALE 25+
- Each representative = 1 vote (no more estamental structure)
- NEW CORTES RULE = in the name OF NATION xxx KING (tho ferni was still acknowledged as legitimate sovereign)

Question 2

CONTENTS OF CORTES

Answer 2

1. context
2. composition
3. legislative works
4. la pepa // const 1812

Question 3

ELECTED DEPUTIES

Answer 3

elected deputies included:
- clergymen 1/3
- lawyers
- military men
- intellectuals
- civil servants

Question 4

composition of cortes :

Answer 4

1. elected deputies (5)
2. main tendencies (3)

Question 5

main tendencies of the deputies

Answer 5

1. Jovellanistas//Enlightened
2. Serviles//Absolutists
3. Liberals

Question 6

JOVELLANISTAS / ENLIGHTENED

Answer 6

• favour an intermediate regime between ABSOLUTISM + LIBERALISM
• no noticable impact

Question 7

ABSOLUTISTS/SERVILES

Answer 7

• defender of Old Order
• mostly : clergymen + nobles

Question 8

LIBERALS

Answer 8

• defend = PARLIAMENT that holds:
• national soveregnity // constitution
• majority

war prevented conservative deputies from attending = local repr subst

CADIZ LIBERAL CITY = A LOT OF LOCALS = LIBERALS

Question 9

Legislative work of cortes

Answer 9

• legislative work = radical rupture/ ruling principles of the time
• placed Spain in European Liberalist countries
• approved certain decrees

Question 10

decrees passed by the cortes

Answer 10

1. equality under law
2. equality spaniards = americans (answer indep mov. colonies)
3. Abolition of guilds (economic freedom) /Inquisition/Seignural Jurisdictions
4. printing freedom

MOST COMPLETE LEGISLATIVE WORK = CONSTITUTION 1812

constitution = new legal/political frame for the nation

Question 11

LA PEPA

Answer 11

19 March 1812
* 1st constitution
* Approved by the Cadiz Cortes
* long document ruling every detail of
1. political organisation
2. citizens rights
* following FR/USA constitutions as models

Question 12

LA PEPA
MAIN PRINCIPLES

Answer 12

1. **National Sovereignty **
2. Government form: constitutional monarchy
3. Unified state, colonies included, over the historical rights of each region
4. Separation of powers:
5. Equality under the law and fiscal equality of every citizen (white men).
6. Broad recognition of individual rights and freedoms.
7. “Universal” MANHOOD ACTIVE suffrage.
8. Confessional State

Question 13

NATIONAL SOVEREGNITY

Answer 13

• National Sovereignty represented by the Cortes
• instead of the Crown’s

Question 15

GOVERNMENT FORM

Answer 15

• constitutional monarchy
• Ferni not absolut monarch
• tho Ferni = king determined constitutionally

Question 16

UNIFIED STATE

Answer 16

• Spain = 1 STATE = spain + colonies
• end of REGIONAL historical rights = abolishion FUEROS

Question 17

SEPARATION OF POWERS

Answer 17

• legislative = cortes (1 chamber) tho king can revoque laws
• executive = crown
• judiciary = indep judges / courts

Question 18

CITIZENS EQUALITY

Answer 18

• fiscally = tax payment
• under the law

Question 19

RECOGNITION

Answer 19

broadly of freedoms / rights

Question 20

UNIVERSAL MANHOOD ACTIVE SUFFRAGE

Answer 20

• all adult white men can vote
• not all can be elected = right exclusive for property owners

Question 21

Confessional state

Answer 21

Catholicism = only / official religion

Question 22

Relevance & impact

Answer 22

1. never implemented = war
2. radical for its time
3. 1st constitution = LIBERAL ( tho a little conservative hence, confessional nature )
4. Cadiz Const = symbol of freedon =model for other const
5. Spain unprepared for liberalism // capitalism
6. ABOLISHION : 1814 re-establishment of absolutism Fer 7 (lib triennium)

Question 23

spain unprepared for lliberalism

Answer 23

• liberalism triumph** Fr/Ing = industrial**
• Spain not indistrialized enough
• Liberalism only triumphed = EXCEPTIONAL war circumnstances