Femoral Triangle, Anterior & Middle Thigh Flashcards
What are the borders of the femoral triangle?
Superior = inguinal ligament Lateral = sartorius Medial = adductor longus
What forms the floor of the femoral triangle?
Laterally = iliopsoas Medially = pectineus
What are the contents of the femoral triangle?
Lateral to medial
- Femoral nerve
- Femoral artery
- Femoral vein
- Femoral canal
What is contained within the femoral canal?
Deep inguinal lymph nodes
Adipose tissue
What is contained within the femoral sheath?
Most proximal parts of femoral artery and vein
What forms the femoral sheath?
Transversalis and iliopsoas fascia
What are the spinal nerve roots of the femoral nerve?
L2, L3, L4
What is the route of the saphenous nerve?
Branches form the femoral nerve to leave the adductor canal distally by asking between sartorius and gracilis
Which arteries supply most of the blood to the head of the femur?
Medial and lateral circumflex arteries (through reticular branches)
What is the inguinal ligament?
Inferior border of the external oblique aponeurosis
Where does the inguinal ligament run?
Between the ASIS and pubic tubercle
What are the muscles of the anterior compartment of the thigh?
Iliopsoas
Sartorius
Quadriceps femoris
What are the main actions of the muscles of the anterior compartment of the thigh?
Flexion of the hip
Extension of the knee
What are the attachments of the iliopsoas?
P = iliac fossa and lumbar transverse processes D = lesser trochanter of femur
What is the nerve supply of the iliopsoas?
Anterior rami of lumbar spinal nerves
What are the attachments of the sartorius?
P = ASIS D = Medial surface of proximal tibia
What is the nerve supply of the sartorius?
Femoral nerve
What are the four quadriceps muscles?
Rectus femoris (superficial) Vastus lateralis (lateral) Vastus intermedius (central) Vastus medius (medial)
What are the attachments of the quadriceps?
P = ASIS (RF) and shaft of femur D = Patella then tibial tuberosity
What is the nerve supply of the quadriceps?
Femoral nerve
What are the muscles of the medial compartment of the thigh?
Gracilis
Adductor brevis
Adductor longus
Adductor magnus
What is the main action of the muscles of the medial compartment of the leg?
Adduction of the thigh at the hip joint
Which muscle is most medial in the medial compartment of the thigh?
Gracilis
Which joints does gracilis cross?
Hip
Knee
Where do the adductor muscles lie in relation to each other in the medial compartment?
Adductors brevis and longus lie anterior to adductor magnus
Adductor brevis lies superior to adductor longus
What are the two parts of adductor magnus?
Adductor part
Hamstring part
What are the attachments of the adductor muscles in the medial compartment of the thigh?
P = Pubic, ischiopubic ramus, ischial tuberosity (hamstring part of AM) D = Posterior surface of shaft of femur, adductor tubercle pf tibia (adductor part of AM)
What the nerve supply of the medial compartment of the thigh?
Obturator nerve
What are the spinal nerve roots of the obturator nerve?
L2, L3, L4
Hamstring part of AM = tibial nerve
Which structures pass through the obturator foramen of the hip bone?
Obturator nerve, artery and vein
What is the sensory innervation of the thigh?
Anterior cutaneous nerve of thigh
Lateral cutaneous nerve of thigh
Cutaneous branch of obturator nerve
What is the route of lymphatic drainage of the lower limb?
Follows great saphenous vein -> superficial inguinal LN -> external iliac LN/deep inguinal LN
Follows small saphenous vein -> popliteal LN -> deep inguinal LN -> external iliac LN
All lymph from lower limb ultimately drains to EXTERNAL ILIAC LYMPH NODES
