feminists - new

Question 1

3 points about feminism

Answer 1

• aim to bring equality between sexes
• sees it as male dominated
• theory of womens subordination and political movement

Question 2

what wave of feminism had influence on sociology

Answer 2

second - went global in 60s

Question 3

2 main feminists

Answer 3

wollstonecraft - vindication of the rights of women (women are deserving of rights - so true!!)

emmaline pankhurst - political vote - suffragette

Question 4

what is liberal feminism concerned with (3)

Answer 4

• reformism - progress towards equal rights can be achieved through gradual reform
• no need for a revolution
• gender equality acheived through reform - they document a lot of gender inequality and discrimination to lobby change

Question 5

what issues do lib fems have with society

Answer 5

• cultural change (‘women are emotional’ stereotypes etc as it is a barrier to equality)
• sex and gender (gender is social construct and can be seen through diff in cultures and times - eg, proper role for woman)

Question 6

what liberal feminist talks about sex and gender - explain their point

Answer 6

Ann Oakley
- example of female bus drivers - now much more common and accepted
- to change these gender steroetypes must change societys socialisation patterns

• promote role models and female teachers in male subjects etc

Question 7

what is a func view lib fems critique

Answer 7

parsons instrumental and expressive theory

Question 8

evaluation of lib feminism

Answer 8

• over optimistic as they ignore possibility of deep seated structures causing oppression such as capitalism or patriarchy
• naive to think changes in law and attitude are enough - need revolutionary changes

Question 9

what theory is criticised for not explaining structure of gender inequlity

Answer 9

lib fems

Question 10

3 claims of rad fem

Answer 10

• patrairchy is universal (due to dependance women have on men because they have to bear + care for infants)
• patriarchy is primary form of inequality and oppression and key divison - men+ enemy
• all men oppress women and all benefit - eg, womens unpaid domestic labour

Question 11

why is patriarchy personal according to rad fems

Answer 11

in private speher of family
- domestic labour and sexual relationships
- power dynamics - eg, sexual violence

Question 12

rad fem on womens sexulaity

Answer 12

men force women into unsatisafying compulsary heterosexuality to satisfy male desires - claiming it is biological

Question 13

3 strategies to get rid of womens oppression according to rad fems

Answer 13

seperatism - living apart from men so relationships cannot be dominated by them

• consciousness raising - sharing problems in women only groups to rasie understanding and enocurage collective action (slut walk marches)
• political lesbianism ‘sleeping with the enemy’

Question 14

eval of rad fem

Answer 14

• marx say class is main factor not patraicrhy - ignores class diff of women
• doesnt explain why female subordination is diff in each society
• unlikley solutions - sexual attraction makes seperatism unlikley

Question 15

marx feminist overview (3)

Answer 15

• rooted in capitalism
• men may benefit but main beneficiary is capitalism
• Ainsley - cheap labour, absorb anger, receive army, reproduce it through socialisation

Question 16

Barrett on the ideology of familism

Answer 16

ideology plays a role in women oppression:
- ideology of familism to explain why women live in nuclear family and marry + sexual division of labour
- ideology that the family is the only way women can be fulfilled
main argument: must not only overthrow capitalism but this ideology

Question 17

criticisms of marxist feminists

Answer 17

• fails to explain the cause of inequality in non capitalist societies
• unpaid domestic labour may benefit capitalism but why is it women that perform
• not enough emphasis and responsibility on men

Question 18

difference between Marx fem and dual system fems

Answer 18

Marx - capitalism is the system and patriarchy the side effect
dual system - both separate but intertwined system - patriarchal capitalism

Question 19

example for dual feminism

Answer 19

domestic work limits a woman’s position and availability for work but the lack of opportunities drives many women into marriage and economic dependance
- so the two systems reinforce each other

Question 20

why is difference feminism different to the others

Answer 20

does not assume shared experience / situation of women
- much more intersectional and not focused on white western mc women
- eg, family isn’t always a source of oppression, as black women are oppressed through racism, the family can support them and is a source of resistance