action Flashcards
state webers four action types
instrumental rational action
value rational action
traditional action
affectual action
what is instrumental rational action (weber)
actor/ individual calculates most efficient means of achieving goal
eg. a businessmans actions will reflect mentality to gain most profit
what is value rational action (weber)
actor/ individual sees goal as desirable so completes it for own sake (to add value)
eg. worshiping a god because they will get into heaven - but no actual guarantee
what is traditional action (weber)
actor involved in customary ritual actions because they have always done it - no real conscious choice
what is affectual action (weber)
action where the actor expresses emotion
eg. crying, violence
what does weber say about action
a level of cause and a level of meaning to everyones actions
4 diff types of actions
who talks about symbolic interactionism
mead
what does mead say about symbolic interactionism
our behaviour isnt pre determined by instinct, we respond to world with meanings of what we find significant - these are symbols we attach to the world
eg. early stages we imitate people who are imporant to us (role models)
eg. hand gesture - is it a joke or not
how does mead explain why we can interpret other peoples meanings
through verstehen - we put ourselves in their shoes and take the role of the o ther
what two concepts underpin labelling theory
- definition of the situation
- looking glass self
cooley on the looking glass self (labelling)
cooley uses looking glass to explain how we develop our self concept (what we are) and this arises because we take the role of the otehr and look at ourselves through their eyes
- act as a looking glass to see ourselves and so become what others see us - sfp
thomas on the definition of the situation
if we attach a label to something it will affect the way we act and has real life consequences
eg. if a teacher labels a boy as troublesome she will treat a boy as if he is troublesome
Blumer’s 3 key principles to our actions
- actions are based on meanings we give to situations
- meanings come from interaction process and are not fixed
- the meanings we give to situations are dependant on the interpretative process we use (especially taking the role of the other)
what are elements of Goffman’s dramaturgical model
- analogy of drama to analyse social situations (convincing performance)
- seek to control presentation of self by manipulating other peoples impressions of us
roles are interchangeble so backstage role (ourselves) and fornt stage (act out)
who talks about the dramaturgical model
Goffman
