feminism Flashcards
how are gender norms created?
socially, not biologically.
what do feminists believe is the main cause of female oppression?
patriarchy
what are the 4 main types of feminism
Radical ,Marxist, Liberal, Postmodern
what are 3 main points of Marxist feminists
society is patriarchy
exploitation is caused by men
men maintain power through: rape, violence and porn.
who split radical feminism into two groups
Tong 1998:
radical-libertarian feminists
radical-cultural feminists
what was the belief of the radical-libertarian feminists
feminism can be abolished in our current society and should be.
what was the aim of the radical-libertarian feminists
Androgyny
(blending masculine and feminine chracteristics)
what was the beliefs of radical-cultural feminists
Celebrate ‘female’ characteristics
female superiority
reject ‘masculine traits’ (e.g. hierarchy)
what was the aims of radical-cultural feminists
separatism
matrifocal households, political lesbianism/celibacy
what are 3 evaluations of radical feminism
ignores variation in experiences of oppression
overly negative
not all men are bad, not all women are good
what do Marxist feminists believe is the main source of woman’s oppression
capitalism
why is capitalism a source of woman’s oppression
emergence of private properties
women do not own means of production
traditional nuclear families oppress women
What are the functions behind woman’s oppression
reproducing the labour source
women absorbs male anger
male is more dependent on job(if the main source of income)
what are 3 criticisms of Marxist feminism
ignores other sources of inequality (e.g.sexual violece)
patriarchal systems existed before capitalism
communism has not solved inequality in the past
Where do liberal feminists believe inequality comes from
cultures and values
what do liberal feminists believe
socialization into roles makes expectations for both men and women
discrimination prevents equality
what are liberal feminists aims / solutions
change, not revolution
equality in opportunity
done by removing sexualism from media
what are 4 criticisms of liberal feminism
encourages ‘manly’ traits, disregards women’s
emphasizes public life over private
does not account for deeper inequalities(structural inequalities)
ethnocentric (values own culture over others)
what do post-modernists feminists believe
women are not a homogenous group
every experience is different
focus power and knowledge over politics and opportunity
what do postmodernists criticize feminists for
false universality
what are Welby’s postmodernist criticisms
1.women are still oppressed by social structures
dividing women into sub feminist groups weakens the movement
