Feminism Flashcards
What did first wave feminism aim to do/ fight for?
Fight for social and political equality, struggle for women’s sufferege
Who was Millicent fawcett and what did she do- first wave
Emerged as suffragettes movement leader, had a writing and speaking career discussing rights
Who was Emeline Pankhurst and what did she do?- first wave
Took part in non-militant aspect of campaign, travelling country speaking at rallies
Who were suffaragists?- first wave
Suffaragists- Early 20th century, failed to make progress
Suffragettes- user militant action to be heard
What did second wave feminism aim to do?
Concerned with equal right and representation
Access to contraception, right to a career
What are examples of some impacts 2nd wave feminism had?
1970- equal pay act
Sex discrimination act- 1979
How did second wave feminism affect the workplace and the law?
Workplace- glass ceiling, much safer now
Law- abortion act, 1967
What did third wave feminism aim to do?
Aimed to bring attention to the different experiences from different women with different characteristics
Intersectionality
What do black feminists believe?- third wave
Believe racism and sexism are bound together
Who is Alice walker and what does she advocate?- third wave
Black author writing “the colour purple”
Focuses on black female experiences
Advocated positionally perspective- writing from one’s own cultures
What does Naawa El Sadawi focus on bringing attention to?- third wave
Political activists fired tiny against female genital mutilation
Focused on experience of Muslim women and religious opression to women
What does 4th wave feminism aim to do?
Celebrates diversity of gender identity available to all
Deconstructs patriarchal ideas and reconstructs from position of power
What is semiotic guerilla warfare?
Meaning of signifiers - example, high heels, short skirts can be shifted from powerless to powerful
How do young and willmott support the progression of liberal feminism?
Men doing more domestic labour
Two points to support the progression of liberal feminism?
Parents socialise and have similar aspirations to their daughter
Continuing reform changes, example- paternity rights
How do Ferri and Smith challenge the progression of liberal feminism?
Women do most domestic labour, triple shift
2 challenges to the progression of liberal feminism?
Equal pay act hard to regulate, box gender pay gap scandal
Still significant violence against women in western countries
How do Delphy and Leonard support the progression of Marxist feminism?
Women are at an economic disadvantage because they carry out lots of unpaid labour
What is the reserve army of labour?- Marxist feminism
Women are the “reserve army of labour”
They are employed to work when men are occupied doing sometbing else
E.g- war
How do radical feminists challenge the progression of Marxist feminism?
The patriarchy predates capitalism thus capitalism is not the root cause of oppression
A point to challenge the progression of Marxist feminism?
Generalised, W/C women face more oppression that M/C women
What is separatism?- radical feminist
Seperatism- women must organise themselves to live independently from men
What is political lesbianism?- radical feminism
Political lesbianism- hetrosexual relationships should be replaced with all female households
How does Jenny Somerville support the progression of radical feminism?
There are aspects within society where not yet achieved equality
Example, politics- women outnumbered by men in parliament
School- up skirting, male gaze
