Female reproductive system (Practical)

Question 1

What are the different parts of the ovaries and their contents?

Answer 1

1. Medulla:
   - Connective tissue
   - Blood vessels
   - Nerves
2. Cortex: Ovarian follicles

Question 2

What are the stages of follicular development?

Answer 2

1. Promordial follicle
2. Primary follicle
3. Pre-antral follicle
4. Graafian follicle (antral follicle)
5. Pre-ovulatory follicle

Question 3

What is the structure of granulosa cells in the primordial follicle?

Answer 3

Squamous granulosa cells (single-layered)

Question 4

WHat is the strucutre of granulosa cells in primary (pre-antral) follicles?

Answer 4

Cuboidal granulosa cells (single-layered)

Question 5

What is the structure of granulosa cells in pre-antral follicle?

Answer 5

Multi-layered

Question 6

What is the structure of the tissue surrounding the ovarian follicles?

Answer 6

1. Theca interna: Vascular
2. Theca externa: Fibrous

Question 7

What separates the theca from the granulosa cells?

Answer 7

Acellular basement membrane

Question 8

What is the shape of theca interna cells?

Answer 8

Round

Question 9

What is the shape of theca externa cells?

Answer 9

Spindle-shaped

Question 10

When does the pre-antral → antral transition occur?

Answer 10

After puberty

Question 11

What are the layers of the fallopian tube (oviduct)?

Answer 11

1. Mucosal layer (ciliated epithelium)
2. Muscular layer (smooth muscles)
3. Serosal layer (vascular)

Question 12

What are the cellular components of the mucosal layer of the oviduct?

Answer 12

1. Ciliated cells (light-staining nucleus)
2. Secretory cells (dark-staining nucleus)

Question 13

What are the layers of the uterus?

Answer 13

1. Endometrium (epithelial cells)
2. Myometrium (smooth muscle cells)
3. Serosa (connective tissue)

Question 14

What are the layers of myometrium?

Answer 14

1. Longitudinal layer (outer)
2. Circular layer (inner)

Question 15

What type of epithelium lines the vagina?

Answer 15

Stratified squamous epithelium

Question 16

What characterises the oestrus vagina?

Answer 16

Surface epithelium is keratinised

Question 17

What characterises the dioestrus vagina?

Answer 17

Large numbers of neutrophils infiltrate vaginal epithelium

Question 18

What characterises the vagina during pregnancy?

Answer 18

Mucous-secreting goblet cells

Question 19

What characterises the pro-oestrus vagina?

Answer 19

Non-keratinised surface epithelium (but keratinised epithelium may be seen below surface)

Question 20

What type of epithelium line the alveoli of the mammillary glands?

Answer 20

Cuboidal epithelium

Question 21

What types of secretion occur during milk production?

Answer 21

1. Apocrine (holocrine) - Lipids
2. Merocrine (eccrine) - Proteins

Question 22

What is apocine secretion?

Answer 22

Part of cytoplasm of secretory cell is lost during secretion

Question 23

What is merocrine secretion?

Answer 23

Secretory product is packaged into vesicles and released by exocytosis