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Anatomy Reproduction > Female Reproductive System > Flashcards

Female Reproductive System Flashcards

1
Q

What 3 structures constitute the birth canal

A

Cervix
Vagina
Vulva

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2
Q

What are the 3 layers of the uterus

A

Endometrium
Myometrium
Serosa

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3
Q

What area of the uterine body does the lower segment develop from?

A

Isthmus

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4
Q

When a caesarean delivery is done which part part of the uterus is opened to deliver the baby

A

Lower segment

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5
Q

What is the normal position of the uterus

A

Anteflxed

Anteverted

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6
Q

What could happen if the position of the uterus is very retroverted and retroflexed, particularly in early pregnancy?

A

More pressure on bladder during the first trimester

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7
Q

At any surgical management of miscarriage why might it be important to know prior to instrumentation of the uterine cavity whether the uterus is anteverted or retroverted?

A

There is a risk of perforation

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8
Q

What are the fornices of the vagina

A

Superior portions of the vagina, extending into the recesses created by the vaginal portions of the cervix
Lateral, Posterior, Anterior

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9
Q

Through which vaginal fornix can you access the rectouterine pouch

A

Posterior

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10
Q

Name the 4 ligaments of the uterus/cervix

A

Suspensory ligament of ovary
Ligament of ovary
Round ligament of uterus
broad ligament

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11
Q

What ligament is called the cardinal ligament

A

Lateral Cervical Ligament

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12
Q

Apart from pelvic fascia, what other structure in the pelvis is also an important support of the uterus?

A

Uterus rests on top of the bladder passively and attached condensations of the endopelvic fascia (ligaments)

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13
Q

Name the 4 parts of the uterine tube

A

Isthmus
Ampulla
Infundibulum
Intramural

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14
Q

What is the longest part of the uterine tube

A

Ampulla

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15
Q

What is the widest part of the uterine tube

A

Infundibulum

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16
Q

Fertilisation occurs in which part of the uterine tube

A

Ampulla

17
Q

What is meant by tubal (ectopic) pregnancy

A

Pregnancy that implants in the fallopian tube

18
Q

What are the 2 ligaments associated with the ovary

A

Round ligament

Ligament of ovary

19
Q

At what vertebral level do the ovarian arteries originate

A

L2

20
Q

Into which vessels does the left ovarian vein drain to

A

Left renal vein

21
Q

Into which vessels does the left ovarian vein drain into

A

IVC

22
Q

Which group of lymph nodes drains the ovary

A

Para-aortic group

lateral aortic group

23
Q

What is the lymphatic drain of the funds and upper uterine body

A

Pre-aortic group of lymph nodes

24
Q

What is the lymphatic drainage of most of the uterine body

A

External iliac nodes

25
Q

What is the lymphatic drainage of the uterine cervix and upper vagina

A

Internal iliac and sacral lymph nodes

26
Q

What is the lymphatic drainage of the lower vagina

A

Superior inguinal lymph nodes

27
Q

Where does the breast extend from vertically

A

2nd rib to 6th rib

28
Q

What us the blood supply of the mammary gland

A

Branches of subclavian and axillary arteries

29
Q

Which group of lymph nodes first receives lymph from the lateral part of the breast tissue

A

Pectoral nodes

30
Q

During pregnancy what happens to the areolae duct epithelium

A

It proliferates and lots of secretory alveoli form and begin to make a protein rich fluid called colostrum

31
Q

Which side of the placenta is rough

A

Maternal

32
Q

List 4 functions of the placenta

A

Gas exchange
Metabolic transfer
Hormone secretion
Foetal protection

33
Q

At what stage of labour des the placenta physiologically separate from the uterine wall

A

Third stage

34
Q

What is the function of umbilical arteries in the foetal circulation

A

Circulate blood without oxygen from the foetus through blood vessels that leave the foetus through the umbilical cord

35
Q

What structure does the umbilical vein persist as

A

Round ligament of liver

36
Q

What is the function of umbilical veins in the foetal circulation

A

Carries oxygenated blood from the placenta into growing foetus

37
Q

What is the central structure in the umbilical cord

A

Wharton’s Jelly

Anatomy Reproduction (4 decks)

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