Female Reproductive System

Question 1

What is the purpose of the ovaries?

Answer 1

they produce, store and release eggs into the fallopian tubes

Question 2

what is ovulation

Answer 2

a phase of the female menstrual cycle that involves the release of an egg from one of the ovaries. It generally occurs about two weeks before the start of the menstrual period.

Question 3

what are the 2 female sex hormones

Answer 3

estrogen and progesterone

Question 4

what does estrogen do

Answer 4

It regulates the menstrual cycle and affects the reproductive tract

Question 5

what does a girl’s development depend on?

Answer 5

the growth hormones produced by the pituitary gland (brain)

Question 6

what are the two hormones secreted by the brain during puberty?

Answer 6

follicle stimulation hormone (FSH)
luteinizing hormone (LH)

Question 7

what does FSH do in women

Answer 7

FSH stimulates follicles on the ovary to grow and prepare the eggs for ovulation.

Question 8

what does LH do in women

Answer 8

tells the ovaries to release a mature egg.

Question 9

what is oogenesis

Answer 9

the production of ova by the ovaries (miosis)

Question 10

what are the three phases of the menstrual cycle

Answer 10

preovulatory phase
ovulatory phase
postovulatory phase

Question 11

describe the preovulatory phase

Answer 11

-From days 2 to 6, menstrual flow takes place (menstruations).
-The pituitary gland secretes the hormone FSH, which stimulates the development of follicles in the ovaries.
- The follicle develops and begins to make estrogen, which in turn thickens the lining of the uterus (endometrium) with blood and tissue.
-When estrogen levels are high, the pituitary gland stops making FSH and begins
making LH.

Question 12

describe the ovulatory phase

Answer 12

The increased amount of LH allows the follicle to break and release the secondary egg (ovulation).

Question 13

describe the postovulatory phase

Answer 13

-After the follicle has burst, estrogen levels drops slightly.
 -The drop in LH cause the follicle to transform in a corpus luteum.
 -The corpus luteum secretes progesterone and estrogen to continue to thicken the lining of the uterus. This prepares the uterus to receive the fertilized egg.
 -High levels of progesterone and estrogen reduce the production of FSH and LH.
 -When fertilization occurs, the corpus luteum continues to secrete estrogen and
progesterone to maintain the blood of the uterus.
 -When fertilization does not occur, the corpus luteum breaks down, estrogen and progesterone levels decrease, the uterus lining is shed during menstruation and
a new cycle begins.

Question 14

list the secondary sex characteristics in women

Answer 14

-growth
-body odour
-acne
-body hair
-menstruation
-mood swings
-breasts

Question 15

What is menstruation

Answer 15

the regular discharge of blood and mucosal tissue from the inner lining of the uterus

Question 16

what does progesterone do

Answer 16

prepare the endometrium (lining of your uterus) for a fertilized egg to implant and grow