Female Reproductive System Flashcards
1
Q
external genitalia
A
sex, or reproductive organs visisble on the outside of the body; also called genitals
2
Q
gestation
A
length of time from conception
3
Q
lactation
A
production and release of milk by mammary glands
4
Q
orifice
A
mouth; entrance, outlet of any anatomical structure
5
Q
amni/o
A
amnion (amniotic sac)
6
Q
cervic/o
A
neck; cervix uteri (neck of the uterus)
7
Q
colp/o
A
vagina
8
Q
vagin/o
A
vagina
9
Q
galact/o
A
milk
10
Q
lacto/o
A
milk
11
Q
gynec/o
A
woman, feale
12
Q
hyster/o
A
uterus (womb)
13
Q
metri/o
A
uterus (womb)
14
Q
uter/o
A
uterus (womb)
15
Q
mamm/o
A
breast
16
Q
mast/o
A
breast
17
Q
men/o
A
menses, menstruation
18
Q
metr/o
A
uterus (womb); measure
19
Q
nat/o
A
birth
20
Q
oophor/o
A
ovary
21
Q
ovari/o
A
ovary
22
Q
perine/o
A
perineum (area between the scrotum [ or vulva in the female’ and anus
23
Q
salping/o
A
tube( usually fallopian or eustachian [auditory] tubes)
24
Q
-arche
A
beginning
25
-cyesis
pregnancy
26
-gravida
pregnant woman
27
-para
to bear (offspring)
28
-salpinx
tube (usally fallopian or eustachian [auditory] tubes)
29
-tocia
childbirth, labor
30
-version
turning
31
ante-
before, in front of
32
dys-
bad; painful; difficult
33
endo-
in, within
34
multi-
many, much
35
post-
after
36
primi-
first
37
atresia
congentual absense or closure of a normal body opening, such as the vagina
38
choriocarcinoma
malignant neoplasm of the uterus or at the site of an ectopic pregnancy
39
dyspareunia
occurrence of pain during sexual intercourse
40
endocervicitus
inflammation of the mucous lining of the cervix uteri
41
menstraul disorders
abnormal condition in the menstrual cycle; also called dysfunctional uterine bleeding
42
amenorrhea
absence of a menstrual period in a women of reproductive age
43
dysmenorrhea
cramps or painful menstruation
44
menorrhagia
abnormally heavy, prolonged menstrual period
45
metorrhagia
irregular uterine bleeding between menstrual periods or after menopause
46
oligomenorrhea
abnormally light or infrequent menstrual periods
47
premenstrual syndrom
symptoms that occur between ovulation and the onset of menstruation
48
sterility
inability of the female to become pregnant or the male to impregnate the female
49
uterine fibroids
benign tumors composed of muscle and fibrous tissue that develop in the uterus; also called leiomyomas, myomas, or fibroids
50
abortion
termination of pregnancy before the embryo or fetus is capable of surviving on its own
51
abruptio placentae
premature separation of the placenta from the uterine wall before the third stage of labor; also called placental abruption
52
breech presentation
common abnormality of delivery in which the fetal buttocks or feet present first rather then the head
53
down syndrome
genetic condition in which there is an extra copy of chromosome 21 (trisomy), altering physical and mental development of the child, also called trisomy 21
54
eclampsia
most serious form of toxemia during pregnancy
55
ectopic pregnancy
pregnancy in which the fertilized ovum becomes implanted on any tissue other than the lining of the uterine cavity
56
placenta previa
obstetric complication in which the placenta is attached close to or covers the cervical canal and that results in bleeding during labor when the cervix dilates
57
amniocentesis
transabdominal puncture of the amniotic sac under ultrasound guidance using a needle (with the needle's position verified by US on a monitor screen) and syringe to remove amniotic fluid
58
chorionic villus sampling (CVS)
sampling of placental tissues for prenatal diagnosis of potential genetic defects
59
colposcopy
visual examination of the vagina and cervix with an optical magnifying instrument (colposcope)
60
cordocentesis
diagnostic prenatal test in which a sample of the baby's blood is removed from the umbilical cord for testing; also called percutaneous umbilical blood sampling
61
endometrial biopsy
removal of a sample of uterine endometrium for microscopic
62
insufflation
delivery of pressurized air or gas into a cavity, chamber, or organ to allow visual examination, remove an obstruction, or apply medication
63
Papanicolaou (Pap) test
an exfoliative cytology test to detect abnormal cells that are scraped from the cervix, usually obtained during routine pelvic examination
64
pelvimetery
measurement of pelvic dimension to determine whether the head of the fetus will be able to pass through the bony pelvis to allow vaginal delivery
65
hysterosalpinography
radiography and, usually, fluoroscopy of the uterus and uterine tubes (oviducts) following injection of a contrast medium
66
mammography
radiographic examination of the breast to screen for breast cancer
67
transvaginal ultrasonography
ultrasonography of the pelvic area performed with a probe inserted into the vagina, which provides sharper images of pathological and normal structures within the pelvis
68
cerclage
suturing of the cervix to prevent it from dilating prematurely during pregnancy, thus decreasing the chance of a spontaneous abortion or preterm birth
69
cesarean section (C-section)
incision of the abdomen and uterus to remove the fetus; also called C-section
70
colpocleisis
surgical closure of the vaginal canal
71
conization
excision of a cone-shaped piece of tissue, such as mucosa of the cervix, for histological examination
72
cryosurgery
process of freezing tissue destroy cells; also called cryocautery
73
dilation and curettage (D&C)
widening of the cervical canal with a dilator and scraping the uterine endometrium with a curette
74
hysterectomy
excision of the uterus
75
subtotal
hysterectomy in which the cervix, ovaries, and fallopian tubes remain
76
total
hysterectomy in which the cervix is removed but the ovaries and fallopian tubes remain; also called complete hysterectomy
77
total plus bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy
total (complete) hysterectomy, including removal of the uterus, cervix, fallopian tubes, and ovaries
78
laparoscopy
visual examination of the abdominal cavity with a laparoscope through one or more small incisions in the abdominal wall, usually at the umbilicus
79
lumpectomy
excision of a small primary breast tumor (or "lump") and some of the normal tissue that surrounds it
80
mammoplasty
surgical reconstruction of the breast(s) to change the size, shape, or position
81
augmentation
insertion of a breast prosthesis beneath the skin or beneath the pectoralis major muscle
82
reduction
breast reduction to reduce the size of a large, pendulous breast
83
mastectomy
removal of the breast
84
total (simple)
excision of the entire breast, nipple, areola, and the involved overlying skin
85
modified radical
excision of the entire breast, including the lymph nodes in the underarm but with the chest muscles left intact
86
radical
excision of the entire breast, all underarm lymph nodes, and the chest wall muscles under the breast
87
reconstructive breast surgery
creation of a breast-shaped mound to replace a breast that has been removed as a result of cancer or other disease
88
tissue (skin) expansion
common breast reconstruction technique in which a balloon expander is inserted beneath the skin and chest muscle, saline solution is gradually injected to increase size, and the expander is then replaced with a more permanent implant
89
transverse rectus abdominis muscle flap
surgical creating of a skin flap using skin and fat from the lower half of the abdomen, which is then passed under the skin to the breast area; the abdominal tissue (flap) is then shaped into a natural-looking breast and sutured into place
90
tubal ligation
procedure that ties (ligates) the fallopian tubes to prevent pregnancy
91
intrauterine device (IUD)
small, T-shaped device inserted by a physician inside the uterus to prevent pregnancy
