female reproductive anatomy

Question 1

Vulva

Answer 1

1. mons pubis:
   -fatty eminence from umbilicus to the pubic symphysis
2. labia major:
   -bilateral, rounded folds of adipose
   -skin and hair
   -homologous to the male scrotum
3. labia minora:
   -inner vascular fold of hairless skin surrounding the vestibule
   ~vestibular glands: secrete mucus around the vestibule during sexual excitation

Question 2

vestibule (space between labia minora):

Answer 2

• vaginal orifice
• hymen
• urethral orifice

Question 3

clitoris

Answer 3

• tactile receptor homologous to the penis
• corpus clitoris
• prepuce
• glans clitoris

Question 4

perineum:

Answer 4

superficial, diamond shaped region between pubis, ischial tuberosities and anus

Question 5

internal organs:

Answer 5

1. vagina 3 layers:
   
   • mucosal lining: stratified squamous epithelium with rugae
   • muscular layer: longitudinal smooth muscle
   • fibrous layer: highly vascularized connective tissue
2. uterus:
   -cervix: uterine opening
   -body and fundus: held anteriorly by two round ligaments
   three layers:
   -perimetrium: external serous membrane
   -myometrium: smooth muscle layer
   -endometrium: simple columnar epithelium
3. uterine tubes:
   -histology: smooth muscle and ciliated epithelium
   -fimbriae: tentacle-like projections that manipulate ova into the oviducts
4. ovaries:
   -primary female reproductive gonads
   -secured by ovarian, broad, and suspensory ligaments.

Question 6

microanatomy

Answer 6

1. germinal epithelium (simple columnar)
2. stroma: central connective tissue
3. primary follicles:
   spheres containing one potential ovum
   follicle cells—>estrogen—>development promoted by FSH
4. Graafian follicle: contain mature ovum
5. corpus luteum: vestige of a reptured graafian follicle—> progesterone/estrogen

Question 7

mammary glands

Answer 7

components of the integumentary system

1) . modified sweat glands:
- fat and connective tissue over the pectoralis major
2) . glandular alveoli (20+):
- milk produces when influenced by estrogens and progesterone
3) . lactiferous ducts:
- tubular network leading to nipple
- milk released when stimulated by oxytocin
4) . areola:
- circular area of pigmentation around the nipple
- areolar glands
- subcutaneous smooth muscle