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U8 Anatomy > Female Reproduction > Flashcards

Female Reproduction Flashcards

1
Q

Labia Majora is homologous to what on males?

A

Scrotal sac

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2
Q

What arteries supply the labia majora?

A

Branches of the external and internal pudendal arteries

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3
Q

What nerves supply sensory input to the labia majora?

A

Branches of the ilioinguinal- anterior labial

pudendal nerves- posterior labial

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4
Q

What does the labia minora enclose?

A

Vestibule of the vagina–into which the vagina, urethra, and ducts of the greater vestibular glands open

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5
Q

What on the female is homologues with the prostate gland?

A

Paraurethral glands

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6
Q

What is the clitoris homologous to in males?

A

penis

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7
Q

What are the clitoral bulbs homologous to on males?

A

bulb of the penis

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8
Q

What are the vestibular glands homologous with on males?

A

bulbourethral glands

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9
Q

What fills with blood during erection in females?

A

Vestibular bulbs

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10
Q

What secrete mucus into the vestibule to lubricate the vagina?

A

Vestibular glands

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11
Q

What is the vesicouterine pouch?

A

The peritoneum leaves the anterior body wall, courses over the superior surface of the bladder and continues onto the fundus of the uterus

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12
Q

What is the rectouterine pouch?

A

The peritoneum is reflected off of the posterior surface of the uterus and onto the rectum

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13
Q

What is enclosed within the broad ligament?

A 
uterus
uterine tubes
round ligament
ligament of the ovary
ovarian and uterine vessels and nerves

NOT OVARY!!!

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14
Q

What portion of the broad ligament is associated with the uterine tube?

A

Mesosalpinx

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15
Q

What portion of the broad ligament is associated with ligament of the ovary and attaches to the hilum of the ovary?

A

mesovarium

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16
Q

What portion of the broad ligament attaches the uterus to the lateral walls and floor of the pelvis?

A

mesometrium

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17
Q

What are the ovaries homologous with in males?

A

testes

18
Q

What attaches the ovaries to the pelvic wall and contains the ovarian vessels and nerves?

A

suspensory ligament of the ovary

19
Q

What attaches the uterine pole to the uterus?

A

ligament of the ovary

20
Q

What are the 4 portions of the fallopian tubes?

A

Intramural- lies within the walls of the uterus
Isthmus- short portion of the tube next to the body of the uterus
Ampulla- widest and longest part of the tube–area where fertilization takes place and site of many ectopic pregnancies
Infundibulum- most distal portion of the tube–communicates with the peritoneal cavity–has fimbria, which help to entrap and direct the oocyte

21
Q

What is a tubal ligation?

A

Removal of a segment of a uterine tube (usually the region of the ampulla) as a means of birth control

22
Q

Where is the cervical canal located?

A

in-between the internal and external os

23
Q

What is the normal position of the uterus?

A

Anterverted- 90 degrees relative to the vagina

Anteflexed- anterior folding of the uterus at the level of the internal os

24
Q

What are the two primary supports of the uterus?

A

Pelvic diaphragm

Perineal body

25
Q

What are the two muscles making up the pelvic diaphragm?

A

Levator ani and coccygeus muscles

26
Q

Whats the role of the perineal body?

A

fibromuscular mass that serves as the attachment sire of several muscles including the legator ahi and the external anal sphincter

27
Q

What is a retroverted uterus?

A

is tipped posteriorly; this condition is graded according to the degree that the position of the organ deviates from the norm.

28
Q

What is a retroflexed uterus?

A

bends posteriorly at the level of the internal os; it may occupy a portion of the rectouterine pouch.

29
Q

The uterine artery is a branch of what artery? and where does it run?

A

anterior division of the internal iliac

runs over the ureter–“water under the bridge”

30
Q

What does the ovarian artery anastomose with?

A

terminal branches of the uterine artery

31
Q

What artery supplies the vagina and external genitalia?

A

internal pudendal artery

32
Q

What artery supplies the external genitalia?

A

external pudendal artery

33
Q

What forms the ovarian plexus and where do they drain?

A

veins from the ovary and distal uterine tube

drain into ovarian vein–R-IVC/L-left renal vein

34
Q

What forms the vaginal venous plexus and where does in drain?

A

some of the uterine and all of the vaginal veins

Drains into the internal iliac veins

35
Q

What are the two Important Anastomotic Connections

A
  1. Uterine with Ovarian Arteries

2. Uterine with Internal Pudendal Arteries

36
Q

What two lymphatics are not palpable and what does this mean?

A

Lateral and para arotic nodes

Carcinoma of the ovary is clinically silent and often not detected in a timely fashion

37
Q

What component fibers make up the ovarian plexus?

A

Postganglionic sympathetic fibers-regulate blood flow

visceral afferent fibers

38
Q

Where do most of the nerves supplying the ovarian plexus originate and where is referred pain felt because of this?

A

T10-T11
Referred pain from ovaries in this area via visceral afferents
Ovarian cyst rupture may be mistaken for appendicitis because the dermatomes involved are identical

39
Q

What component fibers make up the uterovaginal plexus?

A

postganglionic sympathetic-vasomotor/uterine contraction
preganglionic parasympathetic-secretomotor/inhibit contractions
visceral afferents-pressure, stretching, and distensions are all perceived as painful stimuli

40
Q

What component fibers make up the pudendal nerve?

A

somatic motor

somatic sensory

41
Q

What branches does the pudendal nerve have and what are each of their roles?

A

Inferior rectal nerve- supplies external anal sphincter
perineal nerve- posterior labial nerves and muscular branches
Dorsal nerve of the clitoris- sensory to the glans clitoris

42
Q

What landmark is used for a pudendal nerve block and along with the pudendal nerve what other nerve should be blocked?

A

ischial spine-injection into the pudendal canal

ilioinguinal nerve- blocking pain from the anterior perineum

U8 Anatomy (4 decks)

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