Female Reproduction

Question 1

Labia Majora is homologous to what on males?

Answer 1

Scrotal sac

Question 2

What arteries supply the labia majora?

Answer 2

Branches of the external and internal pudendal arteries

Question 3

What nerves supply sensory input to the labia majora?

Answer 3

Branches of the ilioinguinal- anterior labial

pudendal nerves- posterior labial

Question 4

What does the labia minora enclose?

Answer 4

Vestibule of the vagina–into which the vagina, urethra, and ducts of the greater vestibular glands open

Question 5

What on the female is homologues with the prostate gland?

Answer 5

Paraurethral glands

Question 6

What is the clitoris homologous to in males?

Answer 6

penis

Question 7

What are the clitoral bulbs homologous to on males?

Answer 7

bulb of the penis

Question 8

What are the vestibular glands homologous with on males?

Answer 8

bulbourethral glands

Question 9

What fills with blood during erection in females?

Answer 9

Vestibular bulbs

Question 10

What secrete mucus into the vestibule to lubricate the vagina?

Answer 10

Vestibular glands

Question 11

What is the vesicouterine pouch?

Answer 11

The peritoneum leaves the anterior body wall, courses over the superior surface of the bladder and continues onto the fundus of the uterus

Question 12

What is the rectouterine pouch?

Answer 12

The peritoneum is reflected off of the posterior surface of the uterus and onto the rectum

Question 13

What is enclosed within the broad ligament?

Answer 13

uterus
uterine tubes
round ligament
ligament of the ovary
ovarian and uterine vessels and nerves

NOT OVARY!!!

Question 14

What portion of the broad ligament is associated with the uterine tube?

Answer 14

Mesosalpinx

Question 15

What portion of the broad ligament is associated with ligament of the ovary and attaches to the hilum of the ovary?

Answer 15

mesovarium

Question 16

What portion of the broad ligament attaches the uterus to the lateral walls and floor of the pelvis?

Answer 16

mesometrium

Question 17

What are the ovaries homologous with in males?

Answer 17

testes

Question 18

What attaches the ovaries to the pelvic wall and contains the ovarian vessels and nerves?

Answer 18

suspensory ligament of the ovary

Question 19

What attaches the uterine pole to the uterus?

Answer 19

ligament of the ovary

Question 20

What are the 4 portions of the fallopian tubes?

Answer 20

Intramural- lies within the walls of the uterus
Isthmus- short portion of the tube next to the body of the uterus
Ampulla- widest and longest part of the tube–area where fertilization takes place and site of many ectopic pregnancies
Infundibulum- most distal portion of the tube–communicates with the peritoneal cavity–has fimbria, which help to entrap and direct the oocyte

Question 21

What is a tubal ligation?

Answer 21

Removal of a segment of a uterine tube (usually the region of the ampulla) as a means of birth control

Question 22

Where is the cervical canal located?

Answer 22

in-between the internal and external os

Question 23

What is the normal position of the uterus?

Answer 23

Anterverted- 90 degrees relative to the vagina

Anteflexed- anterior folding of the uterus at the level of the internal os

Question 24

What are the two primary supports of the uterus?

Answer 24

Pelvic diaphragm

Perineal body

Question 25

What are the two muscles making up the pelvic diaphragm?

Answer 25

Levator ani and coccygeus muscles

Question 26

Whats the role of the perineal body?

Answer 26

fibromuscular mass that serves as the attachment sire of several muscles including the legator ahi and the external anal sphincter

Question 27

What is a retroverted uterus?

Answer 27

is tipped posteriorly; this condition is graded according to the degree that the position of the organ deviates from the norm.

Question 28

What is a retroflexed uterus?

Answer 28

bends posteriorly at the level of the internal os; it may occupy a portion of the rectouterine pouch.

Question 29

The uterine artery is a branch of what artery? and where does it run?

Answer 29

anterior division of the internal iliac | runs over the ureter--"water under the bridge"

Question 30

What does the ovarian artery anastomose with?

Answer 30

terminal branches of the uterine artery

Question 31

What artery supplies the vagina and external genitalia?

Answer 31

internal pudendal artery

Question 32

What artery supplies the external genitalia?

Answer 32

external pudendal artery

Question 33

What forms the ovarian plexus and where do they drain?

Answer 33

veins from the ovary and distal uterine tube | drain into ovarian vein--R-IVC/L-left renal vein

Question 34

What forms the vaginal venous plexus and where does in drain?

Answer 34

some of the uterine and all of the vaginal veins | Drains into the internal iliac veins

Question 35

What are the two Important Anastomotic Connections

Answer 35

1. Uterine with Ovarian Arteries | 2. Uterine with Internal Pudendal Arteries

Question 36

What two lymphatics are not palpable and what does this mean?

Answer 36

Lateral and para arotic nodes | Carcinoma of the ovary is clinically silent and often not detected in a timely fashion

Question 37

What component fibers make up the ovarian plexus?

Answer 37

Postganglionic sympathetic fibers-regulate blood flow | visceral afferent fibers

Question 38

Where do most of the nerves supplying the ovarian plexus originate and where is referred pain felt because of this?

Answer 38

T10-T11 Referred pain from ovaries in this area via visceral afferents Ovarian cyst rupture may be mistaken for appendicitis because the dermatomes involved are identical

Question 39

What component fibers make up the uterovaginal plexus?

Answer 39

postganglionic sympathetic-vasomotor/uterine contraction preganglionic parasympathetic-secretomotor/inhibit contractions visceral afferents-pressure, stretching, and distensions are all perceived as painful stimuli

Question 40

What component fibers make up the pudendal nerve?

Answer 40

somatic motor | somatic sensory

Question 41

What branches does the pudendal nerve have and what are each of their roles?

Answer 41

Inferior rectal nerve- supplies external anal sphincter perineal nerve- posterior labial nerves and muscular branches Dorsal nerve of the clitoris- sensory to the glans clitoris

Question 42

What landmark is used for a pudendal nerve block and along with the pudendal nerve what other nerve should be blocked?

Answer 42

ischial spine-injection into the pudendal canal ilioinguinal nerve- blocking pain from the anterior perineum