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CT Sectional Anatomy > Female And Male Reproductive > Flashcards

Female And Male Reproductive Flashcards

1
Q

Diseases of the reproductive system (male and female)

A

Infertility
Infection
Abnormalities
Tumors

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2
Q

What is the number 1 disease of the reproductive system? And it’s progress?

A

Infertility. There’s been progress in treating female but no progress with male fertility

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3
Q

Infections in male are due to what reasons?

A

Younger men: sexual intercourse (STI)

Older male: microbial pathogens

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4
Q

Can STI be cured?

A

No

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5
Q

State some of the possible infections male can get

A 
Orchitis (testicles) 
Epididymitis (epididymis) 
Prostatitis (prostate) 
Urethritis (urethra) caused by chlamydia
Balantitis (STD: caused by bacteria or virus)
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6
Q

List some male STD

A 
Genital herpes (caused by HSV type 2) 
Gonorrea (burning urination and yellow discharge)
Syphilis (can lead to dementia if not treated in tertiary stage
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7
Q

What is crytorchidism

A

A male abnormality where the testicle does not descend down during fetal development leading to inability of sperm production. This may lead to testicular cancer

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8
Q

What’s the number 1 male reproductive cancer?

A

Prostate cancer

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9
Q

What’s the most common male reproductive cancer in young men/

A

Testicular cancer

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10
Q

What’s the most rare male reproductive cancer?

A

Penis and urethra cancer

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11
Q

T/F

Prostate cancer is the number 1 leading cause of death in men

A

False. Prostate is the number 1 cancer in men but it’s actually the second leading cause of death in male. Smoking is the number 1 leading cause of death in men

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12
Q

Where’s the vas deferen located?

A

Anterior to pubis symphysis

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13
Q

What does the testes produce?

A

Sperm and male sex hormones (testosterone)

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14
Q

What is the epididymis and it’s function?

A

Tightly coiled tubular structure that is located superoposterior of each testes. Sperm is transferred from testis and stored here. After the spam undergo final maturation, it gets ejaculated.

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15
Q

How many parts is there to the epididymis?

A

3 parts: head, body, tail

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16
Q

What is testicular cancer and the primary treatment for testicular cancer?

A

Testicular cancer is very rare, found commonly in men ages 20-34. Usually appears as a painless swelling or mass in the testicle. Surgery is the primary treatment

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17
Q

Describe the vas deferens

A

Continuation from the tail of the epididymis. Long muscular tube that ascends in the posterior portion of the spermatic cord and travels superiorly over the sym. Pub to the bladder and ureters. It broadens and becomes the ampulla of the vas deferens.

18
Q

_______ joins with the ducts of the seminal vehicle to form the ejaculatory duct

A

Vas deferens

19
Q

______ is enclosed in the spermatic cord

A

Ejaculatory duct

20
Q

What’s the seminal vesicle and its location

A

Paired accessory glands consisting of coiled tubes. Located posterior to the bladder and superior to the prostate. It produces fructose and a coagulating enzyme for the seminal fluid that mixes with the sperm before ejaculation

21
Q

What’s the prostate , function and location

A

Largest accessory gland, secretes a slightly alkaline fluid that forms part of the seminal fluid.

22
Q

The penis is composed of 3 cylindrical masses. What are they

A

2 corpus cavernosa (upper/ anterior surface)
1 corpus spongiosum (under to posterior surface)
Distal end forms the glans penis

23
Q

List the female reproductive organs

A

Uterus
Ovaries
Fallopian tubes
Vagina

24
Q

What’s the responsibility of the female reproductive system?

A

Responsible for producing sex hormone and ova and to also protect / support the developing embryo

25
Q

T/F

During weeks 1-6 of pregnancy, there’s no gender to the fetus

A

True

26
Q

Describe the uterus, location and function

A

Located between bladder and rectum

Responsible for protecting/nourishing fetus. Consisting of 2 regions (body and cervix)

27
Q

List the 3 uterine wall layers

A

Endometrium (inner layer)
Myometrium (middle layer, THICKEST LAYER)
Perimetrium (outer layer)

28
Q

What’s the NORMAL location of the rectum to the sacrum?

A

Normally the rectum is anterior to the sacrum

29
Q

What is a retroverted uterus and is it normal?

A

A retroverted uterus is normal. It’s when the uterus is tilted posteriorly and very little rectum is in front of the sacrum. This occurs normally due to the overstretching during childbearing years.

30
Q

Fallopian tube

A

Roughly 10cm long muscular tube

Responsible for transporting ova (from the ovaries) to the uterus

31
Q

Ovaries and it’s function

A

Located on either side of the uterus .

Responsible for production of ova and the secretion of estrogen and progesterone

32
Q

Describe vagina (location and function)

A

Located between the rectum and bladder.

Function as receptacle for sperm and lower portion of birth canal

33
Q

How do doctors examine the vagina?

A

Doctor check by performing a digital sweep (finger) inside the vagina to check for abnormalities and/ or ridges

34
Q

What is the upper vaginal area called?

A

The vault or fornix. Consist of lateral, anterior and posterior fornix

35
Q

Normally, the vagina is collapsed on a CT. What is placed inside the vagina to give air gap to vagina to open up?

A

Tam pax or plastic rode

36
Q

When does uterine, vaginal and urinary abnormalities occur?

A

When the Müllerian ducts doesn’t form the uterovaginal canal accurately.

37
Q

The inguinal nodes (groin area) is divided into what 2 categories?

A

Superficial (anterior/medial to common femoral vessel

Deep (few in numbers, at level of ischial tuberosity)

38
Q

Uterine fibroids

A

They’re non-malignant tumors that grow from the muscle layers of the uterus.May lead to abnormal vaginal bleeding, pelvic pain, and pregnancy problems. Uterine fibroids are found in more than 75 percent of women of reproductive age. (Are also called myomas or fibromyomas)

39
Q

What is endometriosis

A

Growth of cells normally found in the uterine lining are also growing in other areas of the abdomen

40
Q

What’s is hydronephrosis

A

Water/fluid in kidneys

41
Q

Cervical cancer is the ________ common female cancer

A

8th

42
Q

Ovarian cancer is the ________ leading cause of female death

A

5th

CT Sectional Anatomy (3 decks)

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