Female Anatomy Flashcards
name a muscle found in the false pelvis
iliopsoas muscle
arcuate line, aka
pelvic brim
word meaning uterus that is tilted to the left
levoverted
word meaning uterus that is tilted to the right
dextroverted
which is more bent: an anteverted or anteflexed uterus?
anteflexed
describe the shape of the newborn or fetal uterus
bi-lobed
describe the shape of the uterus during reproductive years
pear-shaped
nulliparous uterus measurements
8 cm long x 5 cm wide x 4 cm AP (l x w x h)
neonatal uterus size
slightly enlarged due to exposure to maternal hormones
infantile/pre-pubescent uterus measurement
2-3.3 cm long x 0.5 cm x 1 cm
linea terminalis, aka
pelvic brim
multiparous uterus measurements
1 cm larger in all dimensions
location of uterine width measurement
along the endometrium at the fundus, between the cornua, in transverse
location of uterine length measurement
along the endometrium at midline, from the tip of the fundus to the cervical opening or inferior margin just posterior to the external os of the uterus, in sagittal
two main endometrial layers
stratum basalis & stratum functionalis/decidua
relationship of the fornices to external os
fornices superior to external os
relationship of the fornices to internal os
fornices lateral to internal os
At what level does the vagina attach to the cervix?
level of the internal os
fossa of Waldeyer, aka
adnexa
neonatal ovarian volume measurement
up to 3.66 cc
pre-pubescent ovarian volume measurement
up to 8 cc
post-pubescent ovarian volume measurement
normally around 6 cc, up to 20 cc
post-menopausal ovarian volume measurement
normally 1-5.8 cc, up to 8 cc
hypogastric artery, aka
internal iliac artery
internal iliac artery, aka
hypogastric artery
List the arterial and arteriole branches of the uterine arteries
uterine -> arcuate -> radial -> straight & spiral arterioles
From where do the uterine arteries branch?
anteriorly from the internal iliac arteries
From where do the ovarian arteries branch?
anteriorly from the abdominal aorta
Which uterine layer is supplied by the arcuate arteries?
myometrium
anterior cul-de-sac, aka
vesicouterine
Which uterine layer is supplied by the spiral arterioles?
stratum functionalis/decidua of the endometrium
posterior cul-de-sac, aka
Pouch of Douglas, rectouterine
Which uterine layer is supplied by the straight arterioles?
stratum basalis of the endometrium
adnexa, aka
fossa of Waldeyer
Which uterine layer is supplied by the radial arteries?
myometrium -> endometrium
Where does the vasculature enter the ovary?
medulla via the hilum
outer layer of ovary
germinal epithelium
protective layer of fibrous connective tissue
tunica albuginea
tunica albuginea
protective layer of fibrous connective tissue
pituitary gland, aka
hypophysis
Where are the follicles found in the ovary?
cortex
What structures are found in the ovarian medulla?
nerves, blood & lymph vessels
ovarian stroma
cortex & medulla
germinal epithelium
outer layer of ovary
Space of Retzius, aka
retropubic space
oocyte count for newborn
2 million
oocyte count by 7 years old
300,000
oocyte count by perimenopause
few hundred
relationship of ovaries to broad ligament
posterior
relationship of ovaries to ureters
anterior
hypophysis, aka
pituitary gland
acceptable measurement for postmenopausal woman with bleeding
< 5 mm
acceptable measurement for postmenopausal woman without bleeding
< 9 mm
What normal situation could cause a postmenopausal woman to bleed or have thicker than usual endometrium?
HRT
fallopian tube length
7-12 cm
rectouterine sac, aka
Pouch of Douglas, posterior-cul-de-sac
relationship of fallopian tubes to broad ligament
posterior, running along superior edge
ostium
opening of the infundibulum of the fallopian tube
ostium diameter measurement
1 cm
longest, widest portion of fallopian tube
ampulla
narrowest portion of fallopian tube
interstitial/intramural/cornual
Where do the uterine veins flow?
into the internal iliac veins
What arterial counterpart does the venous plexus accompany?
arcuate arteries
retropubic space, aka
Space of Retzius
function of broad ligaments
attach uterus to pelvic side walls
function of round ligaments
attach uterus to anterior pelvic wall
vesicouterine sac, aka
anterior cul-de-sac
function of suspensory ligaments
attach ovaries to pelvic side walls
function of ovarian ligaments
attach ovaries to uterus
function of mesovarian ligaments
folds attaching ovaries to broad ligaments
function of mesosalpinx ligaments
folds attaching fallopian tubes to broad ligaments
muscles of the false pelvis
iliopsoas
muscles of the true pelvis
piriformis, levator ani, coccygeus, obturator internus
Pouch of Douglas, aka
rectouterine, posterior cul-de-sac
relationship of external iliac vessels and internal iliac vessels
anterior and lateral
most inferior structure in the pelvic cavity
levator ani
describe location of the arcuate line
sacral prominence to superior margin of symphysis pubis
intraperitoneal potential spaces in the pelvis
anterior & posterior cul-de-sacs
extraperitoneal potential spaces in the pelvis
Space of Retzius & vaginal fornices
