Female Anatomy

Question 1

External female genitalia

Answer 1

Mons veneris
Labia majora
Labia minora
Clitoris
Vestibule
Urethra/Urethral opening
Introitus
Hymen
Perineum

Question 2

Mons veneris

Answer 2

triangular mound over the pubic bone above the vulva

Question 3

Labia majora

Answer 3

outer lips of the vulva

Question 4

Labia minora

Answer 4

inner lips of the vulva

Question 5

Clitoris

Answer 5

highly sensitive structure, only function of which is sexual pleasure

Question 6

Vestibule

Answer 6

area of vulva inside the labia minora

Question 7

Urethra/Urethral opening

Answer 7

tube/opening through which urine passes from the bladder

Question 8

Introitus

Answer 8

opening to the vagina

Question 9

Hymen

Answer 9

tissue that partially covers the vaginal opening

Question 10

Perineum

Answer 10

area between the vagina and anus of the female and the
scrotum and anus of the male

Question 11

Genital alteration

Answer 11

piercings, jewelry, cosmetic surgery, etc.

Question 12

Several structures under the hair, skin, and fatty pads of the vulva

Answer 12

Cavernous bodies and vestibular bulbs
Bartholin’s glands

Question 13

Bartholin’s glands

Answer 13

secrete a few drops of fluid during sexual arousal

Question 14

Cavernous bodies and vestibular bulbs

Answer 14

engorge with blood during
arousal

Question 15

pelvic floor muscles

Answer 15

kegel exercises

Question 16

internal female sexual anatomy

Answer 16

Vagina
Cervix
Uterus
Fallopian tubes
Ovaries

Question 17

vagina

Answer 17

stretchable canal in the female that opens at the vulva
 Grafenberg spot (G-spot)
 Arousal and vaginal lubrication
 Vaginal secretions and chemical balance of the vagina

Question 18

cervix

Answer 18

small end of the uterus, located at the back of the vagina

Question 19

uterus

Answer 19

pear-shaped organ inside the female pelvis, within which
the fetus develops

Question 20

fallopian tubes

Answer 20

two tubes, extending from the sides of the uterus,
in which the egg and sperm travel

Question 21

Ovaries

Answer 21

female gonads that produce ova and sex hormones

Question 22

Menstruation

Answer 22

Sloughing off of uterine lining
− Takes place if conception has not occurred

Question 23

Attitudes toward menstruation

Answer 23

Negative beliefs

Question 24

Menarche

Answer 24

initial onset of menstrual periods
− Age 11–15
− Dependent on heredity, health, and altitude

Question 25

Flow

Answer 25

− Lasts from two to six days

Question 26

Volume

Answer 26

Varies from six to eight ounces

Question 27

Duration

Answer 27

Varies from 24 to 42 days

Question 28

Hypothalamus releases chemicals that stimulate pituitary

Answer 28

Pituitary produces follicle stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone

Question 29

Negative feedback mechanism

Answer 29

Provides an internal control that regulates hormone fluctuation during the three phases of the menstrual cycle

Question 30

Three phases of the menstrual cycle

Answer 30

Menstrual Proliferative Secretory

Question 31

Menstrual

Answer 31

shedding of endometrium

Question 32

Proliferative

Answer 32

thickening of endometrium, follicle maturation, and ovulation

Question 33

Secretory

Answer 33

corpus luteum development and further thickening of endometrium

Question 34

Sexual activity and the menstrual cycle

Answer 34

− Increased desire and interest − Avoidance

Question 35

Premenstrual syndrome

Answer 35

physical discomfort and emotional irritability prior to menstruation

Question 36

Dysmenorrhea

Answer 36

painful menses

Question 37

amenorrhea

Answer 37

no menses

Question 38

self-help for menstrual symptoms

Answer 38

diet and exercise

Question 39

menopause terms

Answer 39

Climacteric − Perimenopause − Menopause

Question 40

Climacteric

Answer 40

: physiological changes during transition period of fertility to infertility

Question 41

perimenopause

Answer 41

time before menopause

Question 42

menopause

Answer 42

cessation of menstruation

Question 43

hormone therapy

Answer 43

Use of supplemental hormones during and after menopause or following removal of ovaries  Estrogen, progesterone, and/or testosterone

Question 44

Controversy in hormone therapy research

Answer 44

− Complicated decision − Contradictory and confusing concerns * A challenging decision − Must weigh potential benefits and risks

Question 45

Gynecological Health Concerns

Answer 45

Range from minor infections to cancer − Urinary tract infections: bacteria − Vaginal infections: vaginitis

Question 46

Surgical removal of the uterus and ovaries

Answer 46

− Hysterectomy − Oophorectomy

Question 47

Pap smear

Answer 47

− Screens for cervical cancer

Question 48

secondary sex characteristics

Answer 48

− Physical characteristics other than genitals that distinguish males from females − Mammary glands: produce milk − Areola: darker area − Nipple: located in the center of the areola and has openings for milk

Question 49

Important considerations about breasts

Answer 49

− Breast self-examination − Breast cancer screening: mammography − Breast lumps: cysts (fluid-filled sacs), fibroadenomas (solid, round, benign tumors), and malignant tumors − Breast cancer: treatments, risk factors, reconstructive breast surgery, early detection, and treatmen