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Visceral Anatomy Quiz 6 > Female > Flashcards

Female Flashcards

1
Q

list the four subdivisions of the broad ligament:

A
  • mesometrium: to lateral uterus
  • mesosalpinx: to inferior side of uterine tubes
  • mesovarium: to anterior surface of ovary
  • suspensory ligament: lateral pelvis wall to lateral end of ovary
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2
Q

the broad ligament goes from the lateral pelvis wall to what three regions of the female reproductive system:

A

uterus, uterine tubes, ovaries

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3
Q

true or false: the ovarian and round ligament are derived from the gubernaculum and found within the mesovarium of the broad ligament

A

false: found within the mesometrium (lateral wall of pelvis to lateral uterus)

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4
Q

true or false: the round ligament is a continuation of the ovarian ligament

A

true

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5
Q

true or false: the round ligament goes from the medial pole of ovaries to upper uterus

A

false: this is the ovarian ligament

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6
Q

true or false: the round ligament goes from lateral sides of upper uterus through the deep inguinal ring and to the labium majora

A

true

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7
Q

true or false: the ligaments of the broad ligament are flattened fibrous bands of connective tissue

A

false: smooth muscle

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8
Q

ligament that goes from the cervix to the lateral pelvic wall via obturator fascia:

a) pubocervical ligament
b) suspensory ligament
c) uterosacral ligament
d) cardinal ligament

A

d

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9
Q

ligament that goes from the sides of the cervix to the pubic symphysis:

a) pubocervical ligament
b) suspensory ligament
c) uterosacral ligament
d) cardinal ligament

A

a

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10
Q

ligament that goes from the uterus to anterior sacrum and is part of the rectouterine folds:

a) pubocervical ligament
b) suspensory ligament
c) uterosacral ligament
d) cardinal ligament

A

c

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11
Q

the ovaries are ____ to the uterine tubes in the ovarian fossa:

a) anterosuperior
b) posteroinferior
c) anteroinferior
d) posterosuperior

A

b

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12
Q

true or false: the ovarian fossa is bound posteriorly by the ureters and to the internal iliac vessels

A

true

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13
Q

the suspensory ligament is ______ to the ovaries:

a) lateral
b) posterior
c) superior
d) posterolateral
e) superolateral

A

d

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14
Q

true or false: the ovaries have four surfaces: mesovarian (anterior), free border (posterior), uterine extremity (medial), tubule extremity (lateral)

A

true

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15
Q

true or false: the tubule extremity of the ovaries contains the suspensory ligament and a singular fimbrae attaching the ovaries to the uterine tube

A

true

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16
Q

the infundibulum is part of the ____ _____and curves around the ______. it contains mucosal folds called _____.

A

uterine tubes, ovaries, fimbrae

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17
Q

list the four parts of the uterine tubes in order of proximal to distal

A

intramural, isthmus, ampulla, infundibulum with fimbrae

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18
Q

true or false: ovaries consist of inner vascular medulla and an outer cortex with follicles

A

true

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19
Q

true or false: each follicle in the ovaries contains an ovum with surrounding supporting endocrine cells in the medulla

A

false: in the cortex

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20
Q

true or false: the medulla of the ovaries contains follicles

A

false: cortex does

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21
Q

mature follicles accumulate antral fluid in the _____

A

antrum

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22
Q

what is the location of fertilization or ovum degradation?

A

ampulla of the uterine tubes

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23
Q

true or false: supporting cells of the ovary degenerate shortly after fertilization

A

false: degenerate if NO fertilization

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24
Q

supporting cells of the ovary produce _______ prior to ovulation and those remaining afterwards form a corpus ___ which produces ___________

A

oestrogen, luteum, progesterone

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25
Q

true or false: the uterine tubes are open only at the lateral (infundibulum) end

A

false: open at both ends

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26
Q

what are the three layers of the uterine tubes

A

mucosa, smooth muscle, serosa (peritoneum)

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27
Q

the mucosa of the of the uterine tubes contains all BUT;

a) ciliated epithelial cells to assist ovum movement
b) connective tissue
c) endocrine cells
d) mucosal folds
e) secretory cells that produce nutritive fluid for ovum

A

c

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28
Q

mucosal folds are found in excess in which two regions of the uterine tubes:

A

ampulla, infundibulum

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29
Q

true or false: the uterus becomes more vertical as the bladder fills

A

true

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30
Q

anteroversion means:

a) uterus tilted forwards
b) uterus tilted backwards

A

a

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31
Q

retroversion means:

a) uterus tilted forwards
b) uterus tilted backwards

A

b

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32
Q

list the three regions of the uterus with a brief description:

A 
fundus (above entry of uterine tubes) 
body
cervix (structurally and functionally different)
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33
Q

the three layers in the walls (body + fundus) of the uterus are:

A

endometrium, myometrium, serosa (peritoneum)

34
Q

the inner region of the endometrium is called the _____ and the outer region is called the ____. Both regions contained specialized mucosa containing uterine _____ .

A

functionalis, basalis, glands

35
Q

true or false: the basalis is sloughed off during a period and the functionalis remains to regenerate the new endometrium

A

false: opposite way around

36
Q

true or false: the myometrium is multilayered skeletal muscle that increases in number and size during pregnancy

A

false; SMOOTH muscle

37
Q

shedding of the functionalis is a result of a sharp decline or incline in:

a) decrease in progesterone
b) decrease in oestrogen
c) increase in progesterone
d) increase in oestrogen

A

a

38
Q

regeneration of a new functionalis is under the influence of:

a) decrease in progesterone
b) decrease in oestrogen
c) increase in progesterone
d) increase in oestrogen

A

d

39
Q

ovulation occurs due to:

a) decrease in progesterone
b) decrease in oestrogen
c) increase in progesterone
d) increase in oestrogen

A

d

40
Q

which of these is FALSE regarding the cervix compared to the uterus:

a) narrower
b) retroperitoneal
c) cylindrical
d) less mobile

A

b

41
Q

true or false: the anterior and lateral sides of the cervix are embedded in pelvic fascia and the posterior side is covered with lining from the rectouterine pouch (pouch of douglas)

A

true

42
Q

true or false: the cervix is structurally and functionally different to the rest of the uterus

A

true

43
Q

the _______ is found within the narrow canal of the cervix and the _____ is in the lower part of the canal opening

A

endocervix, ectocervix

44
Q

true or false: the ectocervix is simple columnar epithelium with mucus-producing glands that are more plentiful and less viscous during ovulation

A

false: this is the ENDOcervix

45
Q

true or false: the ectocervix contains stratified squamous epithelial cells and is found and leads into the vault of the vagina

A

true

46
Q

true or false: mucus and shredding of the cervix is involved in menstruation

A

false

47
Q

the junction between the endocervix (simple columnar epithelium) and the ectoderm (stratified squamous epithelium) is called the __________ ______

A

transformation zone

48
Q

the groove around the protruding opening of the cervix into the vagina is called the ____ which is a single/double groove consisting of anterior, posterior, and lateral regions

A

fornix, single

49
Q

the lateral and anterior fornix sides have two layers: _____ and ________

A

mucosa & muscle

50
Q

the posterior fornix side has three layers: ______, _______, and ______

A

mucosa, muscle, peritoneum

51
Q

the vagina goes from the:

a) vault to vaginal orifice
b) fornix to vaginal orifice
c) vault to vestibule
d) fornix to vestibule

A

c

52
Q

the vestibule of the vagina is within the _____ cleft

A

pudendal

53
Q

true or false: the junction of the cervix with the vagina is the external ostium of the uterus

A

true

54
Q

the vagina is flatted in the ____/______ direction

a) lateral/medial
b) anterior/posterior
c) superior/inferior

A

b

55
Q

true or false: the vaginal lumen is H-shaped and muscular sphincters keep the luminal walls closed in all regions except the vault

A

true

56
Q

which of these is NOT involved in keeping the vaginal lumen touching:

a) obturator internus
b) levator ani, pubovaginalis
c) urogenital diaphragm (deep perineal space), sphincter urethral vaginalis
d) superficial perineal space, bulbospongiosus

A

a

57
Q

true or false: the vagina is embedded in pelvic fascia

A

false: all sides are except the posterior side is facing the pouch of douglas (rectouterine pouch)

58
Q

the ovarian (gonadal) artery supplies:

a) ovaries and lateral 1/3 of uterine tubes
b) ovaries and medial 2/3 of uterine tubes
c) ovaries
d) ovaries and all of uterine tubes

A

a

59
Q

which of these is FALSE regarding the ovarian arteries:

a) enters posterolateral ovaries via suspensory ligament
b) goes over psoas
c) goes under obturator nerve and vessels
d) goes over external iliac vessels at pelvic brim

A

c

60
Q

the internal iliac artery supplies:

a) uterus only
b) uterine and vaginal branches that anastomose
c) only external genitalia
d) uterine and vaginal branches that do not anastomose

A

b

61
Q

true or false: uterine artery branches ascend through the broad ligament and supply transverse branches to the uterus and uterine tubes

A

true

62
Q

true or false: the ovarian (gonadal) vein is part of the pampiniform plexus

A

true

63
Q

true or false: the pampiniform plexus forms two ovarian veins in the ovarian ligament, which then forms a singular ovarian vein where the left goes to the renal vein and the right goes to the IVC

A

false: forms two ovarian veins in the suspensory ligament

64
Q

the ovarian veins drain the:

a) ovaries and medial 1/3 of uterine tubes
b) ovaries only
c) ovaries, uterine tubes, fundus of uterus
d) ovaries and lateral 1/3 of uterine tubes

A

d

65
Q

true or false: the uterus and vagina is drained by the uterine and vaginal plexus which goes to the uterine and vaginal veins and then the external iliac vein

A

false: goes to INTERNAL iliac vein

66
Q

true or false: the inferior hypogastric plexus supplies the uterus, vagina, ovaries, and uterine tubes

A

false: only uterus and vagina

67
Q

true or false: the ovarian plexus supplies the ovaries only

A

false: ovaries, fundus of uterus

68
Q

true or false: ovarian lymph drainage is by the abdominal lymph nodes (lateral aortic and preaortic)

A

true

69
Q

true or false: the uterus and vagina lymph drain to the superficial inguinal nodes via the round ligament only

A

false: also to lateral and preaortic nodes along internal + external iliac vessels along rectovaginal folds

70
Q

which of these is FALSE regarding the mons:

a) fatty and fibrous connective tissue
b) separated by pudendal cleft
c) in front of the pubic symphysis
d) covered in hair and skin

A

b

71
Q

true or false: the labia majora are folds containing fatty connective tissue that is covered with moist skin and anteriorly split to enclose the clitoris and posteriorly forms the frenulum of labia

A

false: this is labia minora

72
Q

true or false: the labia majora is externally covered with skin + hair and internally covered with moist skin. It is separated by the pudendal cleft and joined at anterior and posterior commissures

A

true

73
Q

true or false: the labium minora is anteriorly split to enclose the clitoris and posteriorly forms the prepuce of the labia

A

false: posteriorly forms the frenulum of the labia

74
Q

the clitoris contains ___ corpora cavernosa with crura covered with _________ muscle. it also contains ___ bulbs covered in _________ muscle. the bulbs are separated by the ______ _________

A

two, ischocavernous, two, bulbospongiosus, vaginal vestibule

75
Q

true or false: the greater vestibule glands in females are analogous to the prostate

A

false: its lesser vestibule glands

76
Q

true or false: the greater vestibule glands in females are analogous to the bulbourethral glands in males

A

true

77
Q

true or false: the greater vestibule glands (bartholian glands) are on either side of the posterior vaginal orifice

A

true

78
Q

the external genitalia (labia, bulb, clitoris) are supplied and drained by the _______ _______ vessels

A

internal pudendal

79
Q

true or false: the external genitalia has dual lymph drainage. superficial drainage to the _____ nodes and deep to nodes along the _____ _____

A

inguinal, iliac vessels

80
Q

nerve supply to external genitalia is similar in males and females. list the nerve that supplies the muscles, skin, and clitoris and the nerve that supplies the “erectile” tissue

A

pudendal nerve: transverse perineal muscles, bulbospongiosus, ischocavernous, labia, dorsal nerve of clit

inferior hypogastric plexus: uterine, vaginal, cavernous plexi

81
Q

true or false: the cavernous nerve from the inferior hypogastric plexus joins the dorsal root of the clitoris from the pudendal nerve

A

true

Visceral Anatomy Quiz 6 (2 decks)

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