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Virology/I&I 4 > FELINE VIRAL DISEASES II > Flashcards

FELINE VIRAL DISEASES II Flashcards

1
Q

Family & genus of Feline Calicivirus

A
  • family: caliciviridae
  • genus: vesivirus
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2
Q

Properties of feline calicivirus

A

Non enveloped, RNA,

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3
Q

Calicivirus infects what tissue

A

Squamous epithelium

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4
Q

What type of animals are affected by calicivirus (species & age)

A
  • many species; especially cats
  • any age cats
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5
Q

Why are the Clinical features & epidemiology of caliciviruses different?

A
  • extremely variable signs due to variable strains
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6
Q

Mild signs of caliciviruses

A
  • pneumonia
  • vesiculation & ulceration of oral epithelium
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7
Q

What other virus is similar to caliciviruses & hard to differentiate?

A

Herpesviruses

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8
Q

Clinical signs of highly virulent systemic strains of calicivirus

A
  • SQ & facial edema
  • striking ulceration of nose, pinnae, feet
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9
Q

How are caliciviruses sread

A
  • fomites
  • direct contact
  • shed via oral secretions for extended periods
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10
Q

Incubation pd of caliciviruses

A

2-6 days

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11
Q

Most consistent sign in mild and severe form of caliciviruses

A

Oral ulceration

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12
Q

Pathology of caliciviruses

A
  • vesicular rupture and ulceration after 2-3 wks
  • footpad lesions
  • edema of face and limbs
  • hepatic necrosis & in other organs b/c of vascular injury
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13
Q

Why is it hard to dx caliciviruses?

A

Dual infections w/ herpesviruses prod. signs similar to other diseses

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14
Q

Dx of caliciviruses

A
  • viral isolation in feline cell culture (neg if low virus, most sensitive)
  • viral Ag in infected tissues by IF, IHC, or RT-PCR
  • Serology (if vx or prior exposure)
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15
Q

Differential Dx for caliciviruses

A
  • mild calicivirus from Feline Herpesvirus 1
  • limping syndrome
  • dual FCV & FH1 infections
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16
Q

Vx for feline calicivirus

A
  • modified live
  • multi-strain
  • IN (route)
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17
Q

Prevention of feline calicivirus

A
  • isolate sick animals
  • decontamination
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18
Q

Core vx against feline calicivirus

A
  • FPV

-FHV-1

  • FCV
  • Rabies
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19
Q

What causes the multiple strains of caliciviruses

A

Mutations

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20
Q

Family of feline herpesvirus 1

A
  • Family: herpesviridae
21
Q

Properties of feline herpesvirus 1

A
  • enveloped
  • DNA
  • infection can turn latent
22
Q

What is the name of the disease caused by feline herpesvirus 1

A

Feline viral rhinotracheitis

23
Q

Where and at what age does felid herpesvirus 1 cause disease

A
  • acute disease of upper respiratory tract
  • cats in 1st yr of life
24
Q

Felid herpesvirus 1/FVR is common in

A

Catteries, households w/ multiple cats, shelters

25
Q

Lesions of Acute form of FVR/felid herpesvirus 1 similar to…

A

Feline caliciviruses (upper respiratory)

26
Q

Signs of FVR/Felid herpesvirus 1

A
  • abortion possible in queens
  • macroscopic: occasional ulcers on tongue & keratitis w/ corneal ulcers
  • microscopic: epithelial necrosis & inclusion bodies
27
Q

FHV-1/FVR is important etiologic agent of what disease in cats?

A

Corneal diseae

28
Q

Dx FVR/FHV-1

A
  • Immunostaining & PCR best b/c its a DNA virus
  • best samples: necropsy or biopsy
29
Q

Differential Dx for FVR/FHV-1

A
  • feline calicivirus
  • FeLV
  • FIV
  • FPV
  • Chlamydia psittaci
  • toxoplasma
  • ccryptococcus
30
Q

FH1 tends to infect ______ and Calicivirus tends to affect_____

A
  • conjunctiva & nasal passages
  • oral mucosa
31
Q

Vx for FHV-1/FVR

A
  • live modified FVR-FCV
  • alone or combo w/ inactivated FPV
32
Q

Coronaviruses cause what diseases

A

Feline enteric coronavirus & feline infectious peritonitis

33
Q

Properties of coronaviruses (&toroviruses)

A
  • enveloped
  • RNA
34
Q

Feline enteric coronavirus & feline infectious peritonitis target what cells?

A

Macrophages & monocytes

35
Q

FECV (feline enteric coronavirus) mutations cause what

A

FIP (Immune mediated & progressive)

36
Q

What age range of animals are affected by FIP

A

Young-old

37
Q

2 serotypes of FIP

A
  • Wet (abdominal effusion)
  • Dry
38
Q

FECV (feline enteric coronavirus) is endemic in

A

90% catteries

39
Q

In cats, coronaviruses involve _____ organs

A

Multiple

40
Q

Clinical sign of dry type FIP

A
  • ocular &/or neurological signs (major)
41
Q

Clinical Signs of wet form of FIP

A
  • highly viscous fluid in Peritoneal cavity
42
Q

T or F: dry form of FIP can’t convert to wet form & many cats can have both forms w/ foci of pyogranulomatous inflamm. in several organs

A

False; they CAN

43
Q

Epidemiology of FIP

A
  • fatal disease after 1st few wks of suckling
  • persistent gut infections & viral shedding
44
Q

Pathogenesis

A
  • transmission: fecal to oral
  • key event: infection of monocytes & macrophages
  • vascular injury due to Ab-Ag complexes & leakage
45
Q

Gross pathology of FIP

A

Nodules common especially in uvea

46
Q

Antemortem Dx of FIP

A

-serology tests: cross rxn of FECV & FIPV

  • High Ab titer is presumptive dx
  • hyperglobulinemia
  • IF of CoAg
  • RT-PCR: ID mutations
47
Q

Postmortem Dx of FCV

A
  • definitive dx only by immunohistochemical staining for coronavirus Ag
48
Q

Vx for FIP/FCV

A
  • temperature sensitive mutant vx for young cats
  • controversial efficacy
  • FEC antibody enhancement
49
Q

How to control FIP/FCV

A

Hygiene & separate queen and kittens

Virology/I&I 4 (4 decks)

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