Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Cardiopulmonary test 1 > Feline bronchial disease > Flashcards

Feline bronchial disease Flashcards

1
Q

sympathetic innervation

A

stimulation of Beta2 receptors leads to smooth relaxation

Bronchodilation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

parasympathetic innervation

A

responsible for baseline tone

ACh–>increased intracellular calcium

stimulation leads to bronchoconstriction, mucus, cough

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

serotonin

A

released from feline mast cells

leads to bronchoconstriction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

alpha adrenergic stimluation

A

decrease in cAMP

contraction of smooth muscles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

inhibition of phosphodiesterase

A

increase in cAMP, cGMP

relaxation of smooth muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

nitric oxide

A

endothelium-derived vasodilator

promotes bronchodilation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Which class of drugs is used to relax bronchial smooth muscle?

A

phosphodiesterase inhibitor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

airway obstruction of asthma

A

hyperreactivity of bronchial smooth muscle

airway inflammation (bronchitis)

luminal bronchial secretions-goblet cell hyperplasia, musuc accumulation

extraluminal obstruction-emphysema, contributes to airway collapse

intramural changes-hypertrophy, fibrosis, edema, hyperplasia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Feline asthma

A

spontaneous bronchoconstriction associated with airway inflammation

reversible constriction

young adults, females>males, Siamese

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

etiology of feline asthma

A

type 1 hypersensitivity reaction

inhaled allergens, infectious agents, eosinophilia

idiopathic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

hx and clincial signs of feline asthma

A

historical cough, normal between episodes

wheezing

sneezing

vomiting

acute respiratory distress

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

PE findings for feline asthma

A

tachypnea

dyspnea

wheezes

crackles

cough

normal PE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

DDx for feline asthma

A

feline bronchial disease

layngeal disease

tracheal disease

heart disease-dyspnea, no cough

heartworm infection

pleural effusion

neoplasia

parasitic disease

pneumonia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Heartworm associated respiratory disease (HARD)

A

cough and dyspnea

due to arrival of immature heartworms in pulmonary vasculature and death of adult heartworms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Dx of feline asthma

A

administration of beta agonist if wheezing

chest rads

CBC-eosinophilia

Chem-increased TP

heartworm testing

fecal float

Airway wash

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Chest rad findings for feline asthma

A

bronchial pattern

interstitial to patchy alveolar poss

collapse of right middle lung lobe-10%

overinflation of lung-increased lucency, flat, caudally displaced diaphragm, ventral bowing of caudal vena cava, extension of lung past L1

17
Q

Airway wash for feline asthma

A

endotracheal washe

BAL

reasons: to characterize the inflammatory response, ID infectious agents, ID neoplastic cells, atypical rads, don’t respond to tx

Increase total cell count, eos, neutrophils, macs, mixed, excessive mucus, culture + in 10-25%

18
Q

airway wash cytology normal

A

alveolar macs and lymphocytes

<10% are neutrophils

total cell count<400/ul

eos present

epithelial cells, goblet cells, mast cells

+/- positive culture

19
Q

Feline chronic bronchitis

A

airway inflammation

narrowing of airways is minimally reversible with bronchodilators

middle to old age

siamese

fibrosis, emphysema

BAL cytology variable

bacterial culture usually positive

rad changes severe

20
Q

hx and clinical signs for feline bronchitis

A

Chronic (>2 months) daily cough

episodes of wheezing and dyspnea

vomiting, coughing spells

PE findings similar to asthma

21
Q

dx of feline chronic bronchitis

A

Chem-increased TP

CBC-eosinophilia

Chest rads-bronchial patter, interstitial to patchy alveolar poss, emphysema, collapse of right middle lung lobe

airway wash-neutrophils, mucus, positive culture

22
Q

tx of feline bronchial disease

A

remove any underlying etiology

provide anti-inflammatory therapy

provide bronchodilator therapy

23
Q

tx of feline bronchial disease: environmental changes

A

unscented, dust free cat litter

remove hood for litterbox

change air filters

minimize exposure to smoke, aerosols, powder

24
Q

Tx of feline bronchial disease: methylxanthines

A

PO, injection

aminophylline, theophylline

phosphodiesterase inhibitors

inhibits calcium influx into cells

blocks adenosine receptors

increase contractility of fatigued muscle

inhibit mast cell degranulation

increase mucociliary clearance

prevent microvascular leakage

improve strength of respiratory muscles

side effects: GI upset, neurologic signs

25
Q

Tx of feline bronchial disease: Beta2 agonist

A

PO, inhalant, injection

terbutaline, albuterol

relax bronchial smooth muscle, decrease mucus viscosity, enhance mucociliary clearance

26
Q

tx of feline bronchial disease: glucocorticoids

A

anti-inflammatory

PO, injection, inhalant

high dose initially recommended

often combined with bronchodilator

fluticasone-inhalant

27
Q

tx of feline bronchial disease: other tx

A

leukotriene inhibitors

abx

cyprohepatadene-serotonin inhibitor

omega-3 fatty acids

cyclosporine

laser therapy

hyposensitization

28
Q

How should you treat a mildly affect asthmatic

A

environmental changes

oral pred, slowly tapered

bronchodilator-oral BID, inhalation PRN

29
Q

how should you treat a moderate to severely affected asthmatic?

A

environmental changes

oral pred for 2 weeks

fluticasone BID

bronchodilator

30
Q

How should you treat a emergency case/dyspnic cat?

A

minimize handling

oxygen cage

SQ terbutaline

IV dexamethasone

Lasix if concurrent heart disease

31
Q

Px for feline bronchial disease

A

early dx and proper therapy can be effective

environmental changes make a difference

some become refractory to therapy

chronic cases very challenging to manage

euthanasia for severe refractory cases

32
Q

5 yo MC Siamese, indoor only

Presenting complaint: chronic coughing, intermittent, no episodes of dyspnea but owner sometimes hears wheezing, getting worse over past 6 months

PE: normal RR,Wheezes ausculted bilaterally, no cardiac abn, rest-normal

What diagnostic test do you recommend?

A

CBC

Chem

Response to terbutaline

chest rads

33
Q

5 yo MC Siamese, indoor only

Presenting complaint: chronic coughing, intermittent, no episodes of dyspnea but owner sometimes hears wheezing, getting worse over past 6 months

PE: normal RR,Wheezes ausculted bilaterally, no cardiac abn, rest-normal

Lab: CBC-eosinophilia, Chem-normal, Wheezing improves after terbutaline

Chest rads: moderate bronchial pattern, early right middle lung lobe collapse

What is your next diagnostic step?

A

no additional testing is needed

34
Q

5 yo MC Siamese, indoor only

Presenting complaint: chronic coughing, intermittent, no episodes of dyspnea but owner sometimes hears wheezing, getting worse over past 6 months

PE: normal RR,Wheezes ausculted bilaterally, no cardiac abn, rest-normal

Lab: CBC-eosinophilia, Chem-normal, Wheezing improves after terbutaline

Chest rads: moderate bronchial pattern, early right middle lung lobe collapse

What tx protocol do you recommend?

A

tapering oral steroids, oral bronchodilator BID

Cardiopulmonary test 1 (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions